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Kyoto Prefecture

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Kyoto Prefecture

京都府
Prefecture
Japanese transcription(s)
 • Japanese京都府
 • RōmajiKyōto-fu
Flag of Kyoto Prefecture
Flag
Official logo of Kyoto Prefecture
Symbol
Location of Kyoto Prefecture
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CountryJapan
RegionKansai
IslandHonshu
CapitalKyoto
SubdivisionsDistricts: 6, Municipalities: 26
Government
 • GovernorTakatoshi Nishiwaki
Area
 • Total4,612.19 km2 (1,780.78 sq mi)
Area rank31st
Population
 (October 1, 2015)
 • Total2,610,353
 • Rank13th
 • Density566/km2 (1,470/sq mi)
ISO 3166 codeJP-26
Websitewww.pref.kyoto.jp
Symbols
BirdStreaked shearwater (Calonectris leucomelas)
FlowerWeeping cherry blossom (Prunus spachiana)
TreeKitayama Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica)

Kyoto Prefecture (京都府, Kyōto-fu) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kansai region of Honshu.[1] Kyoto Prefecture has a population of 2,610,353 (1 October 2015) and has a geographic area of 4,612 km² (1,780 sq mi). Kyoto Prefecture borders Fukui Prefecture to the northeast, Shiga Prefecture to the east, Mie Prefecture to the southeast, Nara Prefecture and Osaka Prefecture to the south, and Hyogo Prefecture to the west.

Kyoto is the capital and largest city of Kyoto Prefecture, with other major cities including Uji, Kameoka, and Maizuru.[2] Kyoto Prefecture is located on the Sea of Japan coast and extends to the southeast towards the Kii Peninsula, covering territory of the former provinces of Yamashiro, Tamba, and Tango. Kyoto Prefecture is centered on the historic Imperial capital of Kyoto, and is one of Japan's two "prefectures" using the designation fu rather than the standard ken for prefectures. Kyoto has made Kyoto Prefecture one of the most popular tourism destinations in Japan for national and international tourists, and 21% of the prefecture's land area was designated as Natural Parks. Kyoto Prefecture forms part of the Keihanshin metropolitan area, the second-most-populated populated region in Japan after the Greater Tokyo area and one of the world's most productive regions by GDP.

History[]

File:IwashimizuHachimangu.jpg

Iwashimizu Hachimangū, a Shinto shrine in Yawata

See also: Historic Sites of Kyoto Prefecture

Until the Meiji Restoration, the area of Kyoto Prefecture was known as Yamashiro.[3]

For most of its history, the city of Kyoto was Japan's Imperial capital. The city's history can be traced back as far as the 6th century. In 544, the Aoi Matsuri was held in Kyoto to pray for good harvest and good weather.

Kyoto did not start out as Japan's capital. A noteworthy earlier capital was Nara. In 741, Emperor Shōmu moved the capital briefly to Kuni-kyo, between the cities of Nara and Kyoto, in present-day Kyoto Prefecture. In 784, the capital was moved to Nagaokakyō, also in present-day Kyoto Prefecture. In 794, Emperor Kanmu moved the capital to Heian-kyō, and this was the beginning of the current-day city of Kyoto. Even today, almost all of the streets, houses, stores, temples and shrines in Kyoto exist where they were placed in this year.

Although in 1192 real political power shifted to Kamakura, where a samurai clan established the shogunate, Kyoto remained the imperial capital as the powerless emperors and their court continued to be seated in the city. Imperial rule was briefly restored in 1333, but another samurai clan established a new shogunate in Kyoto three years later.

In 1467, a great civil war, the Ōnin War, took place inside Kyoto, and most of the town was burned down. Japan plunged into the age of warring feudal lords. A new strong man, Tokugawa Ieyasu, established the shogunate at Edo (today's Tokyo) in 1603.

In the 15th century AD, tea-jars were brought by the shōguns to Uji in Kyoto from the Philippines which was used in the Japanese tea ceremony.[4]

The Meiji Restoration returned Japan to imperial rule in 1868. Emperor Meiji, who was now the absolute sovereign, went to stay in Tokyo during the next year. The imperial court has not returned to Kyoto since then. During the instigation of Fuhanken Sanchisei in 1868, the prefecture received its suffix fu. The subsequent reorganization of the old provincial system merged the former Tango Province, Yamashiro Province and the eastern part of Tanba Province into today's Kyoto Prefecture.

Although many Japanese major cities were heavily bombed during World War II, the old capital escaped such devastation.[5] During the occupation, the U.S. Sixth Army was headquartered in Kyoto.[6]

Geography[]

File:Map of Kyoto Prefecture Ja.svg

Map of Kyoto Prefecture      Government Ordinance Designated City      City      Town      Village

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1885 846,761—    
1890 894,928+5.7%
1900 1,022,695+14.3%
1910 1,197,473+17.1%
1920 1,287,147+7.5%
1930 1,552,832+20.6%
1940 1,729,993+11.4%
1950 1,832,934+6.0%
1960 1,993,403+8.8%
1970 2,250,087+12.9%
1980 2,527,330+12.3%
1990 2,602,460+3.0%
2000 2,644,391+1.6%
2010 2,636,092−0.3%
2015 2,610,353−1.0%
Source: [1]

Kyoto Prefecture is almost in the center of Honshu and of Japan. It covers an area of 4,612.19 square kilometres (1,780.78 sq mi), which is 1.2% of Japan. Kyoto is 31st by size. To the north, it faces the Sea of Japan and Fukui Prefecture. To the south, it faces Osaka and Nara Prefectures. To the east, it faces Mie and Shiga Prefectures. To its west is Hyōgo Prefecture. The prefecture is separated in the middle by the Tanba Mountains. This makes its climate very different in the north and south.

As of 15 April 2016, 21% of the prefecture's land area was designated as Natural Parks, namely Sanin Kaigan National Park; Biwako, Kyoto Tamba Kogen, Tango-Amanohashidate-Ōeyama and Wakasa Wan Quasi-National Parks; and Hozukyō, Kasagiyama, and Rurikei Prefectural Natural Parks.[7]

Cities[]

See also: List of cities in Kyoto Prefecture by population

Fifteen cities are located in Kyoto Prefecture:

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  • Ayabe
  • Fukuchiyama
  • Jōyō
  • Kameoka
  • Kizugawa
  • Kyōtanabe
  • Kyōtango
  • Kyoto (capital)
  • Maizuru
  • Miyazu
  • Mukō
  • Nagaokakyō
  • Nantan
  • Uji
  • Yawata

Kansai Science City is located in the southwest.

Towns and villages[]

These are the towns and villages in each district:


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  • Funai District
    • Kyōtamba
  • Kuse District
    • Kumiyama
  • Otokuni District
    • Ōyamazaki
  • Sōraku District
    • Kasagi
    • Minamiyamashiro
    • Seika
    • Wazuka
  • Tsuzuki District
    • Ide
    • Ujitawara
  • Yosa District
    • Ine
    • Yosano

Mergers[]

Main article: List of mergers in Kyoto Prefecture

Economy[]

GDP (PPP) per capita[8][9]
Year US$
1975 4,746
1980 8,375
1985 12,799
1990 18,128
1995 21,190
2000 24,692
2005 29,256
2010 33,058
2015 38,567

Kyoto prefecture's economy is supported by industries that create value that is unique to Kyoto, such as the tourism and traditional industries supported by 1,200 years of history and culture, as well as high-technology industries that combine the technology of Kyoto's traditional industries with new ideas.[10]

Northern Kyoto on the Tango Peninsula has fishing and water transportation, and midland Kyoto has agriculture and forestry. The prefecture produces 13% of the domestic sake and green tea. Japan's largest vertical farm is located in the prefecture.[11]

The Kyoto-based manufacturing industry holds shares of Japan's high-technology product markets and others. As of 2018, six Forbes Global 2000 companies were located in Kyoto prefecture: Nidec, Kyocera, Murata Manufacturing, Nintendo, Omron, Bank of Kyoto. Takara Holdings, GS Yuasa, SCREEN Holdings, Mitsubishi Logisnext, Maxell, and Kyoto Animation are based in the prefecture.

As of September 2020, the minimum wage in the prefecture was ¥909 per hour.[12]

Culture[]

Kyoto has been, and still remains, Japan's cultural center.[13][14] For over 1000 years it was Japan's capital. When the capital was changed to Tokyo, Kyoto remained Japan's cultural capital. The local government proposes a plan to move the Agency for Cultural Affairs to Kyoto and to regard Tokyo as the capital of politics and economy and Kyoto as the capital of culture.[15] See Culture of Japan.

Education[]

Universities[]

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  • Bukkyo University
  • Doshisha University
  • Hanazono University
  • Heian Jogakuin University
  • Kyoto Bunkyo University
  • Kyoto City University of Arts
  • Kyoto Gakuen University
  • Kyoto Institute of Technology
  • Kyoto Kacho University [Wikidata]
  • Kyoto Koka Women's University
  • Kyoto Notre Dame University
  • Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
  • Kyoto Prefectural University
  • Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
  • Kyoto Saga University of Arts
  • Kyoto Sangyo University
  • Kyoto Seika University
  • Kyoto Tachibana University
  • Kyoto University
  • Kyoto University of Art and Design
  • Kyoto Arts and Crafts University [Wikidata]
  • Kyoto University of Education
  • Kyoto University of Foreign Studies
  • Kyoto Women's University
  • Meiji University of Integrative Medicine
  • Ōtani University
  • Ritsumeikan University
  • Ryukoku University
  • Seibi University
  • Shuchiin University

High schools[]

  • Kyoto Tachibana Senior High School
  • Kyoto Tachibana Junior High School
  • Kyoto Gaidai Nishi High School

Sports[]

File:Sanga stadium by kyocera05.jpg

Sanga Stadium by Kyocera.

The sports teams listed below are based in Kyoto.

See also: Category:Sports teams in Kyoto Prefecture.

Football (soccer)

  • Kyoto Sanga F.C. (J2 League)
  • Amitie SC Kyoto (Kansai Soccer League)
  • AS. Laranja Kyoto (Kansai Soccer League)
  • Bunnys Kyoto SC (Japan Women's Football League)

Basketball

  • Kyoto Hannaryz (B.League)

Baseball

  • Kyoto Flora (Japan Women's Baseball League)

Rugby

  • Mitsubishi Motors Kyoto Red Evoluitions (Top West)

Transportation[]

File:Kyoto Station Panorama-view from Kyoto Tower 2013-07-21.jpg

Kyoto Station

File:021 新幹線 N700 Series Shinkansen high speed train arriving at Kyoto Station, Japan.jpg

Tōkaidō Shinkansen arriving at Kyoto Station

Rail[]

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  • JR Central
    • Tōkaidō Shinkansen—Kyōto Station
  • JR West
    • Kyoto Line
    • Biwako Line
    • Kosei Line
    • Nara Line
    • Kansai Line (Kizu-Kamo)
    • Sagano Line
    • Sanin Line
    • Fukuchiyama Line
    • Maizuru Line
    • Obama Line
  • Keihan
    • Keihan Line
    • Uji Line
    • Keishin Line
    • Outou Line
  • Hankyu
    • Kyoto Line
    • Arashiyama Line
  • Kintetsu
    • Kyoto Line
  • Kyoto Municipal Subway
    • Karasuma Line
    • Tōzai Line
  • Sagano Scenic Railway (Arashiyama-Kameoka)
  • Kyoto Tango Railway
    • Miyafuku Line
    • Miyamai Line
    • Miyatoyo Line

City Tram[]

  • Randen
    • Arashiyama Line
    • Kitano Line
  • Eiden
    • Eizan Line
    • Kurama Line

Ports[]

  • Maizuru Port - Mainly international container terminal and ferry route to Hokkaido (Otaru and Tomakomai).

Road[]

Expressways[]

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  • Meishin Expressway
  • Hanshin Expressway
  • Second Keihan Highway
  • Keiji(Kyoto-Shiga) Bypass
  • Maizuru Wakasa Expressway
  • Keinawa(Kyoto-Nara-Wakayama) Expressway
  • Kyoto-Jukan Expressway
  • San'in Kinki Expressway

National highways[]

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  • Route 1
  • Route 9 (Kyoto-Fukuchiyama-Tottori-Yonago-Izumo-Hamada-Yamaguchi)
  • Route 24 (Kyoto-Nara-Kashihara-Hashimoto-Wakayama)
  • Route 27 (Tanba-Maizuru-Tsuruga)
  • Route 162
  • Route 163
  • Route 171 (Kyoto-Takatsuki-Minoo-Itami-Nishinomiya)
  • Route 173
  • Route 175 (Akashi-Nishiwaki-Fukuchiyama-Maizuru)
  • Route 176 (Osaka-Sanda-Sasayama-Fukuchiyama-Miyazu)
  • Route 178
  • Route 307
  • Route 312
  • Route 372 (Kameoka-Sasayama-Kasai-Himeji)
  • Route 423
  • Route 426
  • Route 429
  • Route 477
  • Route 478

Tourism[]

The city of Kyoto is one of the most popular tourist spots in Japan, and many people from far and wide visit there. Along with Tokyo, Kyoto is a favorite location for the graduation trip of Junior High and High schools.

Some of the festivals held in Kyoto are Aoi Matsuri from 544, Gion Matsuri from 869, Ine Matsuri from the Edo-era, Daimonji Gozan Okuribi from 1662, and Jidai Matsuri from 1895. Every shrine and temple holds some sort of event, and many of them are open for public viewing.

Defense facilities[]

On August 1, 2013, prefectural and municipal authorities gave consent for a USFJ missile monitoring station to be set up in the city of Kyōtango. It will be co-located with a JASDF facility already based in the city. At least initially, its primary sensor will be a mobile X-band radar used to gather data on ballistic missile launches which will then be relayed by the station to warships equipped with Aegis air defense systems and to ground-based interceptor missile sites. A hundred and sixty personnel will be based at the station.[16]

Politics[]

The current governor of Kyoto is Takatoshi Nishiwaki, a former vice minister of the Reconstruction Agency. He has been elected in April 2018.[17]

The previous governor of Kyoto is former Home Affairs Ministry bureaucrat Keiji Yamada. He has been reelected to a fourth term in April 2014 with support from the major non-Communist parties against only one JCP-supported challenger.[18][19][20]

The prefectural assembly has 60 members from 25 electoral districts and is still elected in unified local elections (last round: 2019). As of September 2020, it was composed as follows: Liberal Democratic Party 30, Japanese Communist Party 12, Democratic Party 11, Kōmeitō 5, Japan Restoration Party 2.[21]

Kyoto's delegation to the National Diet consists of six members of the House of Representatives and four members (two per election) of the House of Councillors. After the national elections of 2016, 2017 and 2019, the prefecture is represented by four Liberal Democrats and two Democrats in the lower house, and two Liberal Democrats, one Democrat and one Communist in the upper house.

Prefectural symbols[]

The prefectural flower of Kyoto is the weeping cherry. The Kitayama Sugi is the official tree, and the streaked shearwater the bird that symbolizes the prefecture.

Sister areas[]

Kyoto Prefecture has sister relationships with these places:[22]

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  • China Shaanxi Province, China
  • Indonesia Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia[23]
  • United States
Oklahoma, United States

Occitanie, France

These relationships are distinct from those of cities in Kyoto Prefecture with other cities.

Notes[]

  1. ↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Kyoto-fu" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 587, p. 587, at Google Books; "Kansai" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 477, p. 477, at Google Books.
  2. ↑ Nussbaum, "Kyoto" in Japan Encyclopedia, pp. 565-587, p. 585, at Google Books.
  3. ↑ Nussbaum, "Provinces and prefectures" in p. 780, p. 780, at Google Books.
  4. ↑ Manansala, Paul Kekai (5 September 2006). "Quests of the Dragon and Bird Clan: Luzon Jars (Glossary)". {{cite web}}:
  5. ↑ Oi, Mariko (2015-08-09). "The city saved from the atomic bomb" (in en-GB). https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-33755182. 
  6. ↑ Chronology of the Occupation
  7. ↑ "General overview of area figures for Natural Parks by prefecture" (PDF) . Ministry of the Environment. 15 April 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2016. {{cite web}}:
  8. ↑ 県民経済計算 . Cabinet Office (Japan). Retrieved 2017-10-16. {{cite web}}:
  9. ↑ "Purchasing power parities (PPP)". OECD. Retrieved 2017-10-16. {{cite web}}:
  10. ↑ "Kyoto Prefecture Financial Profile and Fiscal Reforms" (PDF). October 2017. Retrieved 2018-05-17. {{cite web}}:
  11. ↑ "The only way is up: Vertical farming in Kyoto". CNN. 19 September 2016. {{cite web}}:
  12. ↑ 地域別最低賃金の全国一覧 [List of minimum wages by region] . Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Retrieved 8 September 2018. {{cite web}}:
  13. ↑ Kyoto | History, Geography, & Points of Interest | Britannica.com
  14. ↑ Committee on Budget. The 190th ordinary session of the Diet . Vol. . House of Representatives. 18 November 2018. Archived from the original on 14 December 2017. Retrieved 18 November 2018. 京都というのは文化的な中心 {{cite conference}}:
  15. ↑ Committee on Education, Culture and Science. The 196th ordinary session of the Diet . Vol. . House of Councillors. 7 June 2018. 政治経済の首都東京に対して文化の首都京都をつくっていく、そういう双眼構造、二元構造にする {{cite conference}}:
  16. ↑ U.S. to deploy mobile radar in Kyoto Prefecture to detect missile launches Archived 2013-08-12 at the Wayback Machine The Asahi Shimbun, August 2nd, 2013
  17. ↑ "Nishiwaki triumphs in Kyoto gubernatorial race, vows to continue policies of predecessor". The Japan Times. April 8, 2018. https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2018/04/08/national/politics-diplomacy/nishwaki-triumphs-kyoto-gubernatorial-race-vows-continue-policies-predecessor/. 
  18. ↑ Asahi Shimbun, April 6, 2014: 京都知事に山田氏、４選　新顔の尾崎氏破る
  19. ↑ Yomiuri Shimbun, April 6, 2014: 京都府知事選、現職の山田啓二氏が４選
  20. ↑ The Japan Times, April 7, 2014: Kyoto re-elects Yamada to top post
  21. ↑ Kyoto Prefectural Assembly: caucuses (in Japanese)
  22. ↑ International Exchange: Regions with Friendly Ties to Kyoto Prefecture Retrieved November 29, 2015
  23. ↑ "Peringatan 25 Tahun Sister City Kyoto-Yogya, Kedua Kota Mendapat Manfaat" . Koran Tempo. October 6, 2010. Retrieved May 20, 2014. {{cite web}}:
  24. ↑ "Edinburgh – Twin and Partner Cities". 2008 The City of Edinburgh Council, City Chambers, High Street, Edinburgh, EH1 1YJ Scotland. Archived from the original on 28 March 2008. Retrieved 21 December 2008. {{cite web}}:
  25. ↑ "Twin and Partner Cities". City of Edinburgh Council. Archived from the original on 14 June 2012. Retrieved 16 January 2009. {{cite web}}:
  26. ↑ "Communiqué du 26 mai 2016 – Signature d'une première entente de collaboration entre le Québec et la préfecture de Kyoto". www.premier-ministre.gouv.qc.ca. {{cite web}}:

References[]

External links[]

Template:Kyoto

Template:Regions and administrative divisions of Japan

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