| Interscope Geffen A&M Records | |
|---|---|
| Parent company | Universal Music Group |
| Founded | January 1999 |
| Distributor(s) |
|
| Country of origin | United States |
| Location | Santa Monica, California |
| Official website | http://interscope.com |
Interscope Geffen A&M Records (IGA), is an American umbrella label owned by Universal Music Group, consisting of record labels Interscope Records, Cayone Records, Geffen Records, and A&M Records.
History[]
Interscope Geffen A&M Records was established in 1999, following the PolyGram and MCA Music Entertainment merger (which created UMG). The label group was created by combining the MCA labels Interscope, Cayone and Geffen Records with the PolyGram-owned A&M, which, at the time, became dormant. The label operated as one of the newly formed Universal Music Group's four umbrella companies, the other three being The Universal Motown Republic Group, Verve Records and The Island Def Jam Music Group.[1]
As a result of the merger, a significant percentage of artists and bands were dropped from A&M and Geffen, and though both continued to exist as labels, 280 jobs were eliminated and A&M's Charlie Chaplin lot offices were closed. The reorganization, expected to produce $300 million in savings annually, was described by the Los Angeles Times as underscoring the "changing economics and direction of the music business."[2][3]
As independent labels, A&M and Geffen were revered and had achieved substantial commercial and artistic success. Both had been sold by their founders, however, and both had suffered from budget restraints and unproductive band signings over the previous years. At the time of the merger neither label had records in the Billboard Top 40 while Interscope had "defined the new sound of young America" with hit records from artists including Dr. Dre, Snoop Dogg, Tupac Shakur, Nine Inch Nails, No Doubt, Limp Bizkit, and Bush, among others. Interscope co-founders Jimmy Iovine and Ted Field were named co-chairmen of IGA at its launch.[4][5]
In 2000, Universal Music Group became the first music corporation to break the $1-billion mark in EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization). The company held the top position in music sales with 28.03% market share, and Interscope was the top-selling Universal label, with an 8.97% market share.[6]
In 2003, UMG acquired DreamWorks Records and in 2004 DreamWorks was merged with IGA. Artists including Blink-182, Papa Roach, Rise Against, Nelly Furtado, Lifehouse, AFI, the All-American Rejects, Jimmy Eat World and Rufus Wainwright were moved to the Geffen and Interscope imprints.[7]
In 2010, IGA and 19 Entertainment announced a strategic alliance to develop, distribute and globally market records by American Idol finalists and winning contestants.[8] In 2013, it fully acquired Octone Records, which had been established as a joint venture in 2007.[9][10]
Iovine served as chairman and CEO of IGA until May 2014. He was succeeded by John Janick.[11]
Labels[]
Geffen Records[]
- Cinematic Music Group
- Downtown Records
- Joytime Collective
- Rebel Music
- SpindleHorse Music
Interscope Records[]
- Shady Records
- Aftermath Entertainment
- Darkroom
- Dreamville Records
- Cayone Records
- KIDinaKORNER
- Made Love Records
- Sosshouse Records
- Top Dawg Entertainment (Kendrick Lamar w/Aftermath Entertainment/ScHoolboy Q)
- Zone 4 Inc
Defunct[]
- A&M Records
- A&M Octone Records
- A&M Records UK (founded in 2008, as an imprint of Polydor UK)
- DGC Records
- DreamWorks Records
- Fascination Records
- Flawless Records
- Fiction Records
- Kon Live Distribution
- MCA Records (later rebranded as MCA Nashville) including catalogs of:
- ABC Records
- Paramount Records
- Gasoline Alley Records
- Radioactive Records
- Uni Records
- Star Trak Entertainment
- Tennman Records
- Will.i.am Music Group
See also[]
- List of record labels
- List of current Interscope Records artists
- List of current Geffen Records artists
- List of current A&M Records artists
References[]
- ↑ Neil, Strauss (December 21, 1998). "A Major Merger Shakes Up the World of Rock". New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/1998/12/21/arts/a-major-merger-shakes-up-the-world-of-rock.html.
- ↑ Hilburn, Robert and, Phillips, Chuck (January 22, 1999). "A&M Records Closes; Geffen Lays of". Los Angeles Times. http://articles.latimes.com/1999/jan/22/news/mn-524.
- ↑ Essex, Andrew (July 23, 1999). "Music merger orphans artists". Entertainment Weekly. http://www.ew.com/article/1999/07/23/music-merger-orphans-artists.
- ↑ Hilburn, Robert (January 23, 1999). "This Cut Is the Deepest". Los Angeles Times. http://articles.latimes.com/1999/jan/23/entertainment/ca-734/2.
- ↑ Wild, David (April 3, 1997). "Interscope Records: Inside the Hit Factory". Rolling Stone. https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/interscope-records-inside-the-hit-factory-19970403.
- ↑ Newman, Melinda (December 6, 2003). "Anthhony Expected to Head DreamWorks". Billboard. https://books.google.com/books?id=Tw8EAAAAMBAJ&q=IGA+acquires+dreamworks&pg=PA11.
- ↑ Daily Double Staff (August 3, 2010). "Tuesday, August 3, 2010IDOL TO UMG'S IGA". Hits Daily Double. Hits Magazine. Retrieved 1 October 2015.
{{cite web}}: - ↑ Associated Press (February 21, 2007). "Interscope Geffen A&M forms new label". Associated Press. USA Today. http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/music/news/2007-02-21-a-m-octone_x.htm.
- ↑ Billboard Staff (October 7, 2013). "Interscope Geffen A&M Acquires Remaining Share of A&M/Octone Records". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/5748123/interscope-geffen-am-acquires-remaining-share-of-amoctone-records.
- ↑ Christman, Ed (May 28, 2014). "John Janick Replaces Jimmy Iovine Atop Interscope Geffen A&M". Hollywood Reporter. http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/john-janick-replaces-jimmy-iovine-707662.
External links[]
| Universal Music Group | |
|---|---|
| People | Lucian Grainge | Jody Gerson | Boyd Muir |
| Capitol Christian Music Group | ForeFront Records • Motown Gospel • Sparrow Records |
| Capitol Music Group | Astralwerks • Blue Note Records • Capitol Records • Harvest Records • Motown • Priority Records • Virgin Music Label & Artist Services • Virgin Records |
| Interscope Geffen A&M Records | Geffen Records • Interscope Records • Cayone Records |
| UM Latin Entertainment | Capitol Latin • Disa Records • Fonovisa Records • Machete Music |
| UMG Nashville | MCA Nashville • Mercury Nashville Records • Lost Highway Records • Capitol Records Nashville • EMI Records Nashville |
| UM Australia | Island Records Australia • Golden Era Records • Modular Recordings • Capitol Records • Decca Records • Mercury Records Australia • EMI Music Australia |
| UM Japan | Universal J • EMI Records • Universal D • Virgin Music • Def Jam Recordings • Mercury Tokyo • Universal Classics |
| UM UK | Capitol UK • Decca Records • EMI Records • Island UK • Motown UK • Cayone UK • Polydor Records • 0207 Def Jam • Universal Music On Demand |
| Verve Label Group | Decca Broadway • Decca Gold • Decca US • Deutsche Grammophon • Impulse! • Philips Records • Verve Forecast • Verve Records |
| Film/TV units | Eagle Rock Entertainment • PolyGram Entertainment |
| Non-UMG distributed labels | Big Machine Label Group • Disney Music Group • Hollywood Records • S-Curve Records • Walt Disney Records • Roc Nation • Dew Process |
| Other labels | Universal Music Publishing Group • Universal Production Music • Beyond Records • Def Jam Recordings • Island Records • Republic Records • Mercury Records • Cayone Records • Cash Money Records • Young Money Entertainment • Universal Music Enterprises • Hip-O Records • Vevo |
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