| Frankenstein's monster | |
|---|---|
 Steel engraving (993 × 78 mm), for the frontispiece of the 1831 revised edition of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, published by Colburn and Bentley, London. | |
| First Episode Appearance | Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus |
| Created by | Mary Shelley |
| Character played by | Boris Karloff Glenn Strange Christopher Lee Robert De Niro Kevin James Xavier Samuel |
| In-universe information | |
| Nickname | "Frankenstein’s ", "The Monster", "The Creature", "The Wretch", "Adam Frankenstein" and others |
| Species | Simulacrum human |
| Gender | Male |
| Family | Victor Frankenstein (creator) Bride of Frankenstein (companion/predecessor; in different adaptions) |
Frankenstein's monster or Frankenstein's creature, often referred to as simply "Frankenstein", is a fictional character who first appeared in Mary Shelley's 1818 novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. Shelley's title thus compares the monster's creator, Victor Frankenstein, to the mythological character Prometheus, who fashioned humans out of clay and gave them fire.
In Shelley's Gothic story, Victor Frankenstein builds the creature in his laboratory through an ambiguous method consisting of chemistry and alchemy. Shelley describes the monster as 8 feet (240 cm) tall and terribly hideous, but emotional. The monster attempts to fit into human society but is shunned, which leads him to seek revenge against Frankenstein. According to the scholar Joseph Carroll, the monster occupies "a border territory between the characteristics that typically define protagonists and antagonists".[1]
Frankenstein's monster became iconic in popular culture, and has been featured in various forms of media, including films, television series, merchandise and video games. His most iconic version is his portrayal by Boris Karloff in the 1931 film Frankenstein, the 1935 sequel Bride of Frankenstein, and the 1939 sequel Son of Frankenstein.
Names[]
The actor T. P. Cooke as the monster in an 1823 stage production of Shelley's novel.
Mary Shelley's original novel never ascribes an actual name to the monster; although when speaking to his creator, Victor Frankenstein, the monster does say "I ought to be thy Adam" (in reference to the first man created in the Bible). Frankenstein refers to his creation as "creature", "fiend", "spectre", "the dæmon", "wretch", "devil", "thing", "being", and "ogre".[2] Frankenstein's creation did at least once refer to himself as a "monster", as did other villagers towards the end of the novel.
As in Shelley's story, the creature's namelessness became a central part of the stage adaptations in London and Paris during the decades after the novel's first appearance. In 1823, Shelley herself attended a performance of Richard Brinsley Peake's Presumption, the first successful stage adaptation of her novel. "The play bill amused me extremely, for in the list of dramatis personae came _________, by Mr T. Cooke," she wrote to her friend Leigh Hunt. "This nameless mode of naming the unnameable is rather good."[3]
Within a decade of publication, the name of the creator—Frankenstein—was used to refer to the creature, but it did not become firmly established until much later. The story was adapted for the stage in 1927 by Peggy Webling,[4] and Webling's Victor Frankenstein does give the creature his name. However, the creature has no name in the Universal film series starring Boris Karloff during the 1930s, which was largely based upon Webling's play.[5] The 1931 Universal film treated the creature's identity in a similar way as Shelley's novel: in the opening credits, the character is referred to merely as "The Monster" (the actor's name is replaced by a question mark, but Karloff is listed in the closing credits).[6] Nevertheless, the creature soon enough became best known in the popular imagination as "Frankenstein". This usage is sometimes considered erroneous, but some usage commentators regard the monster sense of "Frankenstein" as well-established and not an error.[7][8]
Modern practice varies somewhat. For example, in Dean Koontz's Frankenstein, first published in 2004, the creature is named "Deucalion", after the character from Greek mythology, who is the son of the Titan Prometheus, a reference to the original novel's title. Another example is the second episode of Showtime's Penny Dreadful, which first aired in 2014; Victor Frankenstein briefly considers naming his creation "Adam", before deciding instead to let the monster "pick his own name". Thumbing through a book of the works of William Shakespeare, the monster chooses "Proteus" from The Two Gentlemen of Verona. It is later revealed that Proteus is actually the second monster Frankenstein has created, with the first, abandoned creation having been named "Caliban", from The Tempest, by the theatre actor who took him in and later, after leaving the theatre, named himself after the English poet John Clare.[9] Another example is an attempt by Randall Munroe of webcomic xkcd to make "Frankenstein" the canonical name of the monster, with his derivate work in which Frankenstein is both the monster and a moon landing conspiracy theorist.[10]
Shelley's plot[]
Charles Stanton Ogle in the 1910 film version.
As told by Mary Shelley, Victor Frankenstein builds the creature in the attic of his boarding house through an ambiguously described scientific method consisting of chemistry (from his time as a student at University of Ingolstadt) and alchemy (largely based on the writings of Paracelsus, Albertus Magnus, and Cornelius Agrippa). Frankenstein is disgusted by his creation, however, and flees from it in horror. Frightened, and unaware of his own identity, the monster wanders through the wilderness.
He finds brief solace beside a remote cottage inhabited by a family of peasants. Eavesdropping, the creature familiarizes himself with their lives and learns to speak, whereby he becomes an eloquent, educated, and well-mannered individual. The creature eventually introduces himself to the family's blind father, who treats him with kindness. When the rest of the family returns, however, they are frightened of him and drive him away. Hopeful but bewildered, the creature rescues a peasant girl from a river but is shot in the shoulder by a man who claims her. The creature finds Frankenstein's journal in the pocket of the jacket he found in the laboratory, and swears revenge on his creator for leaving him alone in a world that hates him.
The monster kills Victor's younger brother William upon learning of the boy's relation to his hated creator. When Frankenstein retreats to the mountains, the monster approaches him at the summit and asks his creator to build him a female mate. In return, he promises to disappear with his mate and never trouble humankind again; the monster then threatens to destroy everything Frankenstein holds dear should he fail or refuse. Frankenstein agrees and builds a female creature, but, aghast at the possibility of creating a race of monsters, destroys it. In response, the monster kills Frankenstein's best friend Henry Clerval, and later kills Frankenstein's bride Elizabeth Lavenza on their wedding night, whereupon Frankenstein's father dies of grief. With nothing left to live for but revenge, Frankenstein dedicates himself to destroying his creation.
Searching for the monster in the Arctic Circle, Frankenstein falls into the freezing water, contracting severe pneumonia. A ship exploring the region encounters the dying Frankenstein, who relates his story to the ship's captain, Robert Walton. Later, the monster boards the ship; but, upon finding Frankenstein dead, is overcome by grief and pledges to incinerate himself at "the Northernmost extremity of the globe". He then departs, never to be seen again.
Appearance[]
.jpg){kind=link}
Boris Karloff as the classic 1930s film version with an assist from make-up artist Jack Pierce.
Frankenstein's monster in an editorial cartoon, 1896.
Shelley described Frankenstein's monster as an 8-foot-tall (2.4 m) creature of hideous contrasts:
His limbs were in proportion, and I had selected his features as beautiful. Beautiful! Great God! His yellow skin scarcely covered the work of muscles and arteries beneath; his hair was of a lustrous black, and flowing; his teeth of a pearly whiteness; but these luxuriances only formed a more horrid contrast with his watery eyes, that seemed almost of the same colour as the dun-white sockets in which they were set, his shrivelled complexion and straight black lips.
A picture of the creature appeared in the 1831 edition. Early stage portrayals dressed him in a toga, shaded, along with the monster's skin, a pale blue. Throughout the 19th century, the monster's image remained variable according to the artist.
The best-known image of Frankenstein's monster in popular culture derives from Boris Karloff's portrayal in the 1931 movie Frankenstein, in which he wore makeup applied and designed by Jack P. Pierce.[11] Universal Studios, which released the film, was quick to secure ownership of the copyright for the makeup format. Karloff played the monster in two more Universal films, Bride of Frankenstein and Son of Frankenstein; Lon Chaney Jr. took over the part from Karloff in The Ghost of Frankenstein; Bela Lugosi portrayed the role in Frankenstein Meets the Wolf Man; and Glenn Strange played the monster in the last three Universal Studios films to feature the character – House of Frankenstein, House of Dracula, and Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein. But their makeup replicated the iconic look first worn by Karloff. To this day, the image of Karloff's face is owned by his daughter's company, Karloff Enterprises, for which Universal replaced Karloff's features with Glenn Strange's in most of their marketing.
Since Karloff's portrayal, the creature almost always appears as a towering, undead-like figure, often with a flat-topped angular head and bolts on his neck to serve as electrical connectors or grotesque electrodes. He wears a dark, usually tattered, suit having shortened coat sleeves and thick, heavy boots, causing him to walk with an awkward, stiff-legged gait (as opposed to the novel, in which he is described as much more flexible than a human). The tone of his skin varies (although shades of green or gray are common), and his body appears stitched together at certain parts (such as around the neck and joints). This image has influenced the creation of other fictional characters, such as the Hulk.[12]
In the 1973 TV miniseries Frankenstein: The True Story, a different approach was taken in depicting the monster: Michael Sarrazin appears as a strikingly handsome man who later degenerates into a grotesque monster due to a flaw in the creation process.
In the 1994 film Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, the creature is played by Robert De Niro in a nearer approach to the original source, except this version gives the creature balding grey hair and a body covered in bloody stitches. He is, as in the novel, motivated by pain and loneliness. In this version, Frankenstein gives the monster the brain of his mentor, Doctor Waldman, while his body is made from a man who killed Waldman while resisting a vaccination. The monster retains Waldman's "trace memories" that apparently help him quickly learn to speak and read.
In the 2004 film Van Helsing, the monster is shown in a modernized version of the Karloff design. He is 8 to 9 feet (240–270 cm) tall, has a square bald head, gruesome scars, and pale green skin. The electricity is emphasized with one electrified dome in the back of his head and another over his heart. It also has hydraulic pistons in its legs, essentially rendering the design as a steam-punk cyborg. Although not as eloquent as in the novel, this version of the creature is intelligent and relatively nonviolent.
In 2004, a TV miniseries adaptation of Frankenstein was made by Hallmark. Luke Goss plays The Creature. This adaptation more closely resembles the monster as described in the novel: intelligent and articulate, with flowing, dark hair and watery eyes.
The 2014 TV series Penny Dreadful also rejects the Karloff design in favour of Shelley's description. This version of the creature has the flowing dark hair described by Shelley, although he departs from her description by having pale grey skin and obvious scars along the right side of his face. Additionally, he is of average height, being even shorter than other characters in the series. In this series, the monster names himself "Caliban", after the character in William Shakespeare's The Tempest. In the series, Victor Frankenstein makes a second and third creature, each more indistinguishable from normal human beings.
Personality[]
.jpg){kind=link}
Glenn Strange as Frankenstein's monster with Boris Karloff, this time playing another character, in the 1944 film The House of Frankenstein.
Christopher Lee as the creature in the Hammer's The Curse of Frankenstein (1957).
As depicted by Shelley, the monster is a sensitive, emotional creature whose only aim is to share his life with another sentient being like himself. The novel and film versions portrayed him as versed in Paradise Lost, Plutarch's Lives, and The Sorrows of Young Werther.
From the beginning, the monster is rejected by everyone he meets. He realizes from the moment of his "birth" that even his own creator cannot stand the sight of him; this is obvious when Frankenstein says "…one hand was stretched out, seemingly to detain me, but I escaped…".[13]:Ch.5 Upon seeing his own reflection, he realizes that he too is repulsed by his appearance. His greatest desire is to find love and acceptance; but when that desire is denied, he swears revenge on his creator.
The monster is a vegetarian. He gives this speech:
“My food is not that of man; I do not destroy the lamb and the kid, to glut my appetite; acorns and berries afford me sufficient nourishment. My companion will be of the same nature as myself, and will be content with the same fare. We shall make our bed of dried leaves; the sun will shine on us as on man, and will ripen our food. The picture I present to you is peaceful and human.”[14]
Contrary to many film versions, the creature in the novel is very articulate and eloquent in his way of speaking. Almost immediately after his creation, he dresses himself; and within 11 months, he can speak and read German and French. By the end of the novel, the creature appears able to speak English fluently as well. The Van Helsing and Penny Dreadful interpretations of the character have similar personalities to the literary original, although the latter version is the only one to retain the character's violent reactions to rejection.
In the 1931 film adaptation, the monster is depicted as mute and bestial; it is implied that this is because he is accidentally implanted with a criminal's "abnormal" brain. In the subsequent sequel, Bride of Frankenstein, the monster learns to speak, albeit in short, stunted sentences. In the second sequel, Son of Frankenstein, the creature is again rendered inarticulate. Following a brain transplant in the third sequel, The Ghost of Frankenstein, the monster speaks with the voice and personality of the brain donor. This was continued after a fashion in the scripting for the fourth sequel, Frankenstein Meets the Wolf Man, but the dialogue was excised before release. The monster was effectively mute in later sequels, though he is heard to refer to Count Dracula as his "master" in Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein. The monster is often portrayed as being afraid of fire.
The monster as a metaphor[]
.jpg){kind=link}
Frankenstein's monster's bust in the National Museum of Cinema of Turin, Italy.
Scholars sometimes look for deeper meaning in Shelley's story, and have drawn an analogy between the monster and a motherless child; Shelley's own mother died while giving birth to her.[15] The monster has also been analogized to an oppressed class; Shelley wrote that the monster recognized "the division of property, of immense wealth and squalid poverty."[15] Others see in the monster the tragic results of uncontrolled scientific progress,[16] especially as at the time of publishing, Galvanism had convinced many scientists that raising the dead through use of electrical currents was a scientific possibility.
Another proposal is that the character of Dr. Frankenstein was based upon a real scientist who had a similar name, and who had been called a modern Prometheus – Benjamin Franklin. Accordingly, the monster would represent the new nation that Franklin helped to create out of remnants left by England.[17] Victor Frankenstein's father "made also a kite, with a wire and string, which drew down that fluid from the clouds," wrote Shelley, similar to Franklin's famous kite experiment.[17]
Portrayals[]
| Actor | Year | Production |
|---|---|---|
| Thomas Cooke | 1823 | Presumption; or, the Fate of Frankenstein |
| Charles Stanton Ogle | 1910 | Frankenstein |
| Percy Standing | 1915 | Life Without Soul |
| Umberto Guarracino | 1920 | The Monster of Frankenstein |
| Boris Karloff | 1931 | Frankenstein |
| 1935 | Bride of Frankenstein | |
| 1939 | Son of Frankenstein | |
| 1962 | Route 66': "Lizard's Leg and Owlet's Wing" (TV series episode) | |
| Dale Van Sickel | 1941 | Hellzapoppin |
| Lon Chaney Jr. | 1942 | The Ghost of Frankenstein[18] |
| 1952 | Tales of Tomorrow: "Frankenstein" (TV series episode) | |
| Bela Lugosi | 1943 | Frankenstein Meets the Wolf Man |
| Glenn Strange | 1944 | House of Frankenstein |
| 1945 | House of Dracula | |
| 1948 | Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein | |
| Gary Conway | 1957 | I Was a Teenage Frankenstein |
| Christopher Lee | The Curse of Frankenstein | |
| Gary Conway | 1958 | How to Make a Monster |
| Michael Gwynn | The Revenge of Frankenstein | |
| Mike Lane | Frankenstein 1970 | |
| Harry Wilson | Frankenstein's Daughter | |
| Don Megowan | Tales of Frankenstein (TV pilot) | |
| Danny Dayton | 1963 | Mack and Myer for Hire: "Monstrous Merriment" (TV series episode) |
| Kiwi Kingston | 1964 | The Evil of Frankenstein |
| Fred Gwynne | The Munsters (as "Herman Munster") | |
| Koji Furuhata | 1965 | Frankenstein Conquers the World |
| Allen Swift | 1967 | Mad Monster Party? |
| 1972 | Mad Mad Mad Monsters | |
| Susan Denberg | 1967 | Frankenstein Created Woman |
| Robert Rodan | Dark Shadows | |
| David Prowse | 1967 | Casino Royale |
| 1970 | The Horror of Frankenstein | |
| 1974 | Frankenstein and the Monster from Hell | |
| Freddie Jones | 1969 | Frankenstein Must Be Destroyed |
| Manuel Leal | Santo y Blue Demon contra los monstruos (as "Franquestain") | |
| Howard Morris | 1970 | Groovie Goolies (as "Frankie") |
| John Bloom | 1971 | Dracula vs. Frankenstein |
| Xiro Papas | 1972 | Frankenstein 80 |
| Bo Svenson | 1973 | The Wide World of Mystery "Frankenstein" (TV series episode) |
| José Villasante | The Spirit of the Beehive | |
| Michael Sarrazin | Frankenstein: The True Story | |
| Srdjan Zelenovic | 1974 | Andy Warhol's Frankenstein |
| Peter Boyle | Young Frankenstein | |
| Per Oscarsson | 1976 | Terror of Frankenstein |
| Peter Cullen | 1984 | The Transformers |
| David Warner | Frankenstein (TV movie) | |
| Clancy Brown | 1985 | The Bride |
| 2020 | DuckTales | |
| Tom Noonan | 1987 | The Monster Squad |
| Paul Naschy | El Aullido del Diablo | |
| Chris Sarandon | Frankenstein (TV movie) | |
| Phil Hartman | 1987–1996 | Saturday Night Live[19][20] |
| Zale Kessler | 1988 | Scooby-Doo and the Ghoul School |
| Jim Cummings | Scooby-Doo! and the Reluctant Werewolf | |
| Craig Armstrong | 1989 | The Super Mario Bros. Super Show! |
| Nick Brimble | 1990 | Frankenstein Unbound |
| Randy Quaid | 1992 | Frankenstein |
| Robert De Niro | 1994 | Mary Shelley's Frankenstein |
| Deron McBee | 1995 | Monster Mash: The Movie |
| Peter Crombie | 1997 | House of Frankenstein |
| Thomas Wellington | The Creeps | |
| Frank Welker | 1999 | Alvin and the Chipmunks Meet Frankenstein |
| Shuler Hensley | 2004 | Van Helsing |
| Luke Goss | Frankenstein | |
| Vincent Perez | Frankenstein | |
| Joel Hebner | 2005 | Frankenstein Reborn |
| Julian Bleach | 2007 | Frankenstein |
| Shuler Hensley | Young Frankenstein | |
| Scott Adsit | 2010 | Mary Shelley's Frankenhole |
| Benedict Cumberbatch | 2011 | Frankenstein |
| Jonny Lee Miller | ||
| Tim Krueger | Frankenstein: Day of the Beast | |
| David Harewood | Frankenstein's Wedding | |
| Kevin James | 2012 | Hotel Transylvania |
| David Gest | A Nightmare on Lime Street[21] | |
| Mark Hamill | Uncle Grandpa | |
| Roger Morrissey | 2013 | The Frankenstein Theory |
| Chad Michael Collins | Once Upon a Time | |
| Aaron Eckhart | 2014 | I, Frankenstein |
| Rory Kinnear | Penny Dreadful | |
| Dee Bradley Baker | Winx Club (in "A Monstrous Crush") | |
| Kevin James | 2015 | Hotel Transylvania 2 |
| Michael Gladis | The Librarians (in "And the Broken Staff") | |
| Spencer Wilding | Victor Frankenstein | |
| Xavier Samuel | Frankenstein | |
| Kevin Michael Richardson | Rick and Morty | |
| Brad Garrett | 2016 | Apple Holidays commercial |
| John DeSantis | 2017 | Escape from Mr. Lemoncello's Library |
| Grant Moninger | Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles | |
| Kevin James | 2018 | Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation |
| Skylar Astin | 2019 | Vampirina |
| Will Ferrell | 2019 | Drunk History |
See also[]
- Frankenstein in popular culture
- List of films featuring Frankenstein's monster
- Allotransplantation, the transplantation of body parts from one person to another
References[]
- ↑ Carroll, Joseph; Gottschall, Jonathan; Johnson, John A.; Kruger, Daniel J. (2012). Graphing Jane Austen: The Evolutionary Basis of Literary Meaning. London, England: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1137002402. https://books.google.com/books?id=TZtiAQAAQBAJ&pg=PT30.
- ↑ Baldick, Chris (1987). In Frankenstein's shadow: myth, monstrosity, and nineteenth-century writing. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 9780198117261.
- ↑ Haggerty, George E. (1989). Gothic Fiction/Gothic Form. University Park, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press. pp. 37. ISBN 978-0271006451. http://knarf.english.upenn.edu/Articles/haggerty.html.
- ↑ Hitchcock, Susan Tyler (2007). Frankenstein: a cultural history. New York City: W. W. Norton. ISBN 9780393061444. https://archive.org/details/frankensteincult00hitc.
- ↑ Young, William; Young, Nancy; Butt, John J. (2002). The 1930s. Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 199. ISBN 978-0313316029. https://archive.org/details/1930s0000youn.
- ↑ Schor, Esther (2003). The Cambridge Companion to Mary Shelley. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. p. 82. ISBN 978-0521007702. https://books.google.com/books?id=Y0QeWS3z0BwC&pg=PA82.
- ↑ Evans, Bergen (1962). Comfortable Words. New York City: Random House. https://archive.org/details/comfortablewords00evan.
- ↑ Garner, Bryan A. (1998). A dictionary of modern American usage. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195078534. https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofmode00garn.
- ↑ Crow, Dennis (October 19, 2016). "Penny Dreadful: The Most Faithful Version of the Frankenstein Legend" (in en). Den of Geek (London, England: Dennis Publishing). http://www.denofgeek.com/us/tv/penny-dreadful/236468/penny-dreadful-the-most-faithful-version-of-the-frankenstein-legend.
- ↑ "Frankenstein". xkcd. Retrieved 2020-08-29.
{{cite web}}: - ↑ Mank, Gregory William (2010-03-08) (in en). Bela Lugosi and Boris Karloff: The Expanded Story of a Haunting Collaboration, with a Complete Filmography of Their Films Together. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-5472-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=hNtqmyR-MNMC&pg=PA256&dq=jack+pierce+frankenstein+makeup&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwik17CcupHqAhVEJzQIHXmaATEQ6AEINTAC#v=onepage&q=jack%20pierce%20frankenstein%20makeup.
- ↑ Weinstein, Simcha (2006). Up, Up, and Oy Vey!: how Jewish history, culture, and values shaped the comic book superhero. Baltimore, Maryland: Leviathan Press. pp. 82–97. ISBN 978-1-881927-32-7.
- ↑ "Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus". 1818. Retrieved 3 November 2012 – via Gutenberg Project.
{{cite web}}: - ↑ Irvine, Ian. "From Frankenstein's monster to Franz Kafka: vegetarians through history". Retrieved 2020-10-05.
{{cite web}}: - ↑ 15.0 15.1 Milner, Andrew (2005). Literature, Culture and Society. New York City: NYU Press. pp. 227, 230. ISBN 978-0814755648. https://books.google.com/books?id=QW9C1Xdzyx4C&pg=PA227.
- ↑ Coghill, Jeff (2000). CliffsNotes on Shelley's Frankenstein. Boston, Massachusetts: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 30. ISBN 978-0764585937. https://books.google.com/books?id=jSHM5oZd8WkC&pg=PA30.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 Young, Elizabeth (2008). Black Frankenstein: The Making of an American Metaphor. New York City: NYU Press. p. 34. ISBN 978-0814797150. https://books.google.com/books?id=65fCSOpahAwC&pg=PA34.
- ↑ Chaney also reprised the role, uncredited, for a sequence in Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein due to the character's assigned actor, Glenn Strange being injured.
- ↑ "SNL Transcripts: Paul Simon: 12/19/87: Succinctly Speaking".
{{cite web}}: - ↑ "Watch Weekend Update: Frankenstein on Congressional Budget Cuts from Saturday Night Live on NBC.com".
{{cite web}}: - ↑ "A Nightmare On Lime Street – Royal Court Theatre Liverpool".
{{cite web}}:
External links[]
| Mary Shelley's Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus | ||
|---|---|---|
| Characters | Frankenstein's monster • Victor Frankenstein • Doctor Waldman • Elizabeth Lavenza | |
| Films | Universal series | Frankenstein (1931) • Bride of Frankenstein (1935) • Son of Frankenstein (1939) • The Ghost of Frankenstein (1942) • Frankenstein Meets the Wolf Man (1943) • House of Frankenstein (1944) • House of Dracula (1945) • Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein (1948) |
| Universal characters | Igor • Doctor Septimus Pretorius • Wolf Frankenstein • Bride of Frankenstein • Ludwig Frankenstein | |
| Hammer series | The Curse of Frankenstein (1957) • The Revenge of Frankenstein (1958) • The Evil of Frankenstein (1964) • Frankenstein Created Woman (1967) • Frankenstein Must Be Destroyed (1969) • The Horror of Frankenstein (1970) • Frankenstein and the Monster from Hell (1974) | |
| Toho series | Frankenstein Conquers the World (1965) • The War of the Gargantuas (1966) | |
| Parodies | Mad Monster Party? (1967) • Mad Mad Mad Monsters (1972) • Young Frankenstein (1974) • Frankenstein all'italiana (1975) • Frankenweenie (1984) • Transylvania 6-5000 (1985) • The Monster Squad (1987) • Frankenhooker (1990) • Monster Mash (1995) • Alvin and the Chipmunks Meet Frankenstein (1999) • Monster Mash (2000) • Frankenthumb (2002) • Frankenweenie (2012) • Monster Family (2017) | |
| The Munsters | Munster, Go Home! (1966) • The Munsters' Revenge (1981) • Here Come the Munsters (1995) • The Munsters' Scary Little Christmas (1996) | |
| Hotel Transylvania | Hotel Transylvania (2012) • Hotel Transylvania 2 (2015) • Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation (2018) • Hotel Transylvania: Transformania (2021) | |
| Others | Frankenstein (1910) • Life Without Soul (1915) • The Monster of Frankenstein (1920) • I Was a Teenage Frankenstein (1957) • Frankenstein 1970 (1958) • Frankenstein's Daughter (1958) • Frankenstein Meets the Space Monster (1965) • Jesse James Meets Frankenstein's Daughter (1966) • Los Monstruos del Terror (1970) • Lady Frankenstein (1971) • Dracula vs. Frankenstein (1971) • Frankenstein '80 (1972) • Flesh for Frankenstein (1973) • Blackenstein (1973) • Frankenstein's Castle of Freaks (1974) • Frankenstein Legend of Terror (1981) • Frankenstein Island (1981) • The Bride (1985) • Frankenstein Unbound (1990) • Frankenstein (1992) • Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (1994) • Van Helsing (2004) • Frankenstein vs. the Creature from Blood Cove (2005) • Vampire Girl vs. Frankenstein Girl (2009) • House of the Wolf Man (2009) • Frankenstein: Day of the Beast (2011) • Frankenstein's Army (2013) • The Frankenstein Theory (2013) • I, Frankenstein (2014) • Army of Frankensteins (2014) • Frankenstein (2015) • Victor Frankenstein (2015) | |
| Television | Tales of Frankenstein (1958) • The Munsters (1964–1966) • Frankenstein Jr. and The Impossibles (1966–1968) • Groovie Goolies (1970-1971) • Frankenstein (1973) • Frankenstein: The True Story (1973) • Monster Squad (1976) • Struck by Lightning (1979) • The Munsters Today (1988-1991) • Monster Force (1994) • House of Frankenstein (1997) • Frankenstein (2004 TV film) • Frankenstein (2004 miniseries) • Frankenstein (2007) • Mary Shelley's Frankenhole (2010) • Once Upon a Time ("The Doctor" (2012) • "In the Name of the Brother" (2013)) • Penny Dreadful (2014–2016) • Frankenstein, MD (2014) • The Frankenstein Chronicles (2015–2017) • Second Chance (2016) • Hotel Transylvania: The Series (2017–present) | |
| Stage | Presumption; or, the Fate of Frankenstein (1823) • Frankenstein, or The Vampire's Victim (1887) • Frankenstein (1927) • Joined At The Heart (2007) • Frankenstein – A New Musical (2007) • Young Frankenstein (2007) • Frankenstein (2011 play) • Frankenstein's Wedding (2011 play) | |
| Novels | Frankenstein's Aunt (1978) • Frankenstein's Aunt Returns (1989) • Frankenstein's Cat (2001) • Dean Koontz's Frankenstein (Prodigal Son (2005) • City of Night (2005) • Dead and Alive (2009) • Lost Souls (2010) • The Dead Town (2011)) • Frankenstein in Baghdad (2013) • The Dark Descent of Elizabeth Frankenstein (2018) | |
| Comics | Bernie Wrightson's Frankenstein • Frankenstein (DC Comics) • Frankenstein (Dell Comics) • Doc Frankenstein • Embalming • Frankenstein's Monster (Marvel Comics) • Frankenstein (Prize Comics) • Young Frankenstein | |
| Video games | Frankenstein's Monster • Frankenstein • Frankenstein: The Monster Returns • Dr. Franken • Mary Shelley's Frankenstein • Frankenstein: Through the Eyes of the Monster • Van Helsing | |
| Related | Universal Classic Monsters • Frankenstein in popular culture • Frankenstein Castle • Frankenstein Day • Johann Konrad Dippel • Frankenstein complex • Frankenstrat (guitar) • "Frankenstein" (1973 single) • Frankenstein (Death Race) | |
Template:Organ transplantation
| Godzilla | ||
|---|---|---|
| Monsterverse • Godzilla in popular culture (-zilla) • Comics • Video games • Creators (Tomoyuki Tanaka • Eiji Tsuburaya • Ishirō Honda) • Powers and abilities of Godzilla | ||
| Japanese films | Shōwa era | Godzilla (1954) • Godzilla Raids Again (1955) • King Kong vs. Godzilla (1962) • Mothra vs. Godzilla (1964) • Ghidorah, the Three-Headed Monster (1964) • Invasion of Astro-Monster (1965) • Ebirah, Horror of the Deep (1966) • Son of Godzilla (1967) • Destroy All Monsters (1968) • All Monsters Attack (1969) • Godzilla vs. Hedorah (1971) • Godzilla vs. Gigan (1972) • Godzilla vs. Megalon (1973) • Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla (1974) • Terror of Mechagodzilla (1975) |
| Heisei series | The Return of Godzilla (1984) • Godzilla vs. Biollante (1989) • Godzilla vs. King Ghidorah (1991) • Godzilla vs. Mothra (1992) • Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla II (1993) • Godzilla vs. SpaceGodzilla (1994) • Godzilla vs. Destoroyah (1995) | |
| Millennium series | Godzilla 2000 (1999) • Godzilla vs. Megaguirus (2000) • Godzilla, Mothra and King Ghidorah: Giant Monsters All-Out Attack (2001) • Godzilla Against Mechagodzilla (2002) • Tokyo S.O.S. (2003) • Final Wars (2004) | |
| Reiwa series | Shin Godzilla (2016) • Planet of the Monsters (2017) • City on the Edge of Battle (2018) • The Planet Eater (2018) • Godzilla Minus One (2023) | |
| American films | Localizations | Godzilla, King of the Monsters! (1956) • Godzilla 1985 (1985) |
| TriStar Pictures | Godzilla (1998) | |
| Legendary Pictures | Godzilla (2014) • Godzilla: King of the Monsters (2019) • Godzilla vs. Kong (2021) • Godzilla x Kong: The New Empire (2024) | |
| Fan films | Wolfman vs. Godzilla | |
| Television | Japanese | Zone Fighter (1973) • Godzilland (1992–1996)• Godzilla Island (1997–1998) (episodes) • Godzilla Singular Point (2021) • Chibi Godzilla Raids Again (2023) |
| American | Godzilla (1978–1979) • Godzilla: The Series (1998–2000) • Monarch: Legacy of Monsters (2023) | |
| Music | Soundtracks | "Godzilla (Main Theme)" • Godzilla: The Album (1998) • Final Wars • Godzilla (2014) • Shin Godzilla (2016) • King of the Monsters • Godzilla vs. Kong • Godzilla Minus One • Godzilla x Kong: The New Empire |
| Related | "Godzilla" (Blue Öyster Cult) • "Godzilla" (Eminem) • "Who Will Know" (Shiro Sagisu) | |
| Miscellaneous | Related films | The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms (1953) • Bambi Meets Godzilla (1969) • Godzilla: King of the Monsters in 3D (unproduced) • Godzilla vs. Charles Barkley (1992) • Monster Planet of Godzilla (1994) • Always: Sunset on Third Street 2 (2007) • Ready Player One (2018) • Shin Ultraman (2022) |
| Kaiju | Godzilla (Heisei • Monsterverse • Shin • Earth • Minus One) • Anguirus • Rodan • Varan • Mothra • King Kong (Monsterverse) • King Ghidorah • Baragon • Minilla • Hedorah • Gigan • Megalon • Mechagodzilla (Kiryu) • Biollante • Godzilla Junior • SpaceGodzilla • Megaguirus • Zilla • MUTO • Tiamat • Zilla Junior | |
| Other | The Movie Monster Game • Battle Soccer: Field no Hasha • Godzilla Game • Godzilla (Ciencin novel series) • Godzilla (Cerasini novel series) • Godzilla and Godzilla Raids Again • G-Fest • Rhedosaurus • Gotengo • Miki Saegusa • Super X • Toho • SciFi Japan TV • King Kong franchise • Hibiya Godzilla Square • Shin Japan Heroes Universe • Kamen Rider franchise • Neon Genesis Evangelion franchise • Ultraman franchise • Godzilla vs. Evangelion: The Real 4-D • Godzilla the Ride: Giant Monsters Ultimate Battle | |
 Category
| ||
[]
 Villains
| ||
| Movie
Universal Monsters | ||