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From top to bottom, left to right: English astronomer Fred Hoyle coins the term Big Bang; the North Atlantic Treaty is signed, forming NATO; Clash between police and protesters during the 1949 Kemi strike; ENIAC, the world's first general-purpose electronic computer; The first Soviet atomic bomb, RDS-1 was made; The devastation in Prüm after the Prüm explosion;
Wreckage of the Avio Linee Italiane Fiat G.212 after the Superga air disaster; Mao Zedong proclaiming the foundation of the People's Republic of China.
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| Gregorian calendar | 1949 MCMXLIX |
| Ab urbe condita | 2702 |
| Armenian calendar | 1398 ԹՎ ՌՅՂԸ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6699 |
| Bahá'í calendar | 105–106 |
| Bengali calendar | 1356 |
| Berber calendar | 2899 |
| British Regnal year | 13 Geo. 6 – 14 Geo. 6 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2493 |
| Burmese calendar | 1311 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7457–7458 |
| Chinese calendar | [[Sexagenary cycle|Template:Chinese calendar/year/]]年月日 (4585/4645-Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{".-{{Chinese calendar/day/77/Template:Chinese calendar/year/77|2432918}}) — to — [[Sexagenary cycle|Template:Chinese calendar/year/]]年月日(4586/4646-Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{".-{{Chinese calendar/day/77/Template:Chinese calendar/year/77|2433282}}) |
| Coptic calendar | 1665–1666 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1941–1942 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5709–5710 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 2005–2006 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1871–1872 |
| - Kali Yuga | 5050–5051 |
| Holocene calendar | 11949 |
| Igbo calendar | |
| - Ǹrí Ìgbò | 949–950 |
| Iranian calendar | 1327–1328 |
| Islamic calendar | 1368–1369 |
| Japanese calendar | [[Shōwa|Shōwa]] Expression error: Missing operand for -. (Expression error: Missing operand for -.年) |
| Juche calendar | 38 |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 13 days |
| Korean calendar | 4282 |
| Minguo calendar | ROC 38 民國38年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2492 |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1949.
1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1949th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 949th year of the 2nd millennium, the 49th year of the 20th century, and the 10th and last year of the 1940s decade.
Events[]
January[]
- January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2023.
- January 2 – Luis Muñoz Marín becomes the first democratically elected Governor of Puerto Rico.
- January 11 – The first "networked" television broadcasts take place, as KDKA-TV in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania goes on the air, connecting east coast and mid-west programming in the United States.
- January 16 – Şemsettin Günaltay forms the new government of Turkey. It is the 18th government, last single party government of the Republican People's Party.
January 17: Beetle in U.S.
- January 17 – The first VW Type 1 to arrive in the United States, a 1948 model, is brought to New York by Dutch businessman Ben Pon. Unable to interest dealers or importers in the Volkswagen, Pon sells the sample car to pay his travel expenses. Only two 1949 models are sold in America that year, convincing Volkswagen chairman Heinrich Nordhoff the car has no future in the U.S. (The Type 1 goes on to become an automotive phenomenon.)
- January 20 – Harry S. Truman is sworn in for a full term, as President of the United States.
- January 25
- The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA or COMECON) is established by the Soviet Union and other communist nations.
- In the first Israeli elections, David Ben-Gurion becomes Prime Minister.
- January 26 – Australian citizenship comes into being.
- c. January 28 – Stalin and antisemitism: The media in the Soviet Union resume a savage propaganda campaign against "rootless cosmopolitans", a euphemism for Soviet Jews, accusing them of being pro-Western and antisocialist.
- January 31 – Forces from the Chinese Communist Party enter Beijing.
February[]
- February 10 – Arthur Miller's tragedy Death of a Salesman opens at the Morosco Theatre in New York City, and runs for 742 performances.
- February 11 – The London Mozart Players perform their first concert at the Wigmore Hall, London.
- February 13 – António Óscar Carmona is re-elected president of Portugal, for lack of an opposing candidate.
- February 17 – Chaim Weizmann begins his term, as the first President of Israel.
- February 19 – Ezra Pound is awarded the first Bollingen Prize in poetry, by the Bollingen Foundation and Yale University.
- February 22 – Grady the Cow, a 1,200-pound cow, gets stuck inside a silo on a farm in Yukon, Oklahoma, and garners national media attention in the United States.
- February 26 – The Revolutionary Communist Party of India stages attacks at Dum Dum.
March[]
- March 1
- March 2 – The B-50 Superfortress Lucky Lady II (under Captain James Gallagher) lands in Fort Worth, Texas, after completing the first non-stop around-the-world airplane flight (it was refueled in flight 4 times).
- March 17 – The Shamrock Hotel in Houston, Texas, owned by oil tycoon Glenn McCarthy, has its grand opening.
- March 20 – The Chicago, Burlington and Quincy, Denver and Rio Grande Western and Western Pacific railroads inaugurate the California Zephyr passenger train between Chicago and Oakland, California, as the first long-distance train to feature Vistadome cars as regular equipment.
- March 21 – WTVJ signs on the air in Miami, Florida, as the first television station in the state.
- March 24 – The 21st Academy Awards Ceremony is held. The movie Hamlet wins the Academy Award for Best Picture.
- March 25
- Operation Priboi: An extensive deportation campaign begins in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The Soviet authorities deport more than 92,000 people from the Baltic states to remote areas of the Soviet Union.
- First issue of weekly magazine Paris Match published in France.[citation needed]
- March 26 – The first half of Giuseppe Verdi's opera Aida, conducted by legendary conductor Arturo Toscanini, and performed in concert (i.e. no scenery or costumes), is telecast by NBC, live from Studio 8H at Rockefeller Center. The second half is telecast a week later. This is the only complete opera that Toscanini ever conducts on television.
- March 28
- March 30 – An anti-NATO riot in Iceland takes place, prompted by the decision of the Icelandic parliament to join the newly formed NATO.
- March 31 – The former British colony of Newfoundland joins Canada, as its 10th province.
Nobel Prizes[]
- Physics – Hideki Yukawa
- Chemistry – William Francis Giauque
- Medicine – Walter Rudolf Hess and António Caetano de Abreu Freire Egas Moniz
- Literature – William Faulkner
- Peace – John Boyd Orr
References[]
- ↑ "'Big bang' astronomer dies". BBC News. 2001-08-22. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/1503721.stm.
- ↑ Croswell, Ken (1995). "Chapter 9". The Alchemy of the Heavens. Anchor Books. ISBN 0-385-47213-7. https://archive.org/details/alchemyofheavens00cros.
- ↑ Mitton, Simon (2005). Fred Hoyle: a Life in Science. Aurum Press. p. 127. ISBN 1-85410-961-8.
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