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100 metres

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This article is about the 100-metres race. For lengths on the order of magnitude of 100 metres, see 1 hectometre.

Athletics
100 metres
London 2012 Olympic 100m final start
Start of the men's 100 metres final at the 2012 Olympic Games.
World records
MenJamaica Usain Bolt 9.58 (2009)
WomenUnited States Florence Griffith-Joyner 10.49[n 1] (1988)
Olympic records
MenJamaica Usain Bolt 9.63 (2012)
WomenUnited States Florence Griffith-Joyner 10.62 (1988)

The 100 metres, or 100-metre dash, is a sprint race in track and field competitions. The shortest common outdoor running distance, it is one of the most popular and prestigious events in the sport of athletics. It has been contested at the Summer Olympics since 1896 for men and since 1928 for women.

File:Women's 100M Final - 28th Summer Universiade 2015 Gwangju.webm

Women's 100M Final – 28th Summer Universiade 2015

The reigning 100 m Olympic champion is often named "the fastest man in the world". The World Championships 100 metres has been contested since 1983. Christian Coleman and Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce are the reigning world champions; Usain Bolt and Elaine Thompson are the men's and women's Olympic champions.

On an outdoor 400 metres running track, the 100 m is run on the home straight, with the start usually being set on an extension to make it a straight-line race. There are three instructions given to the runners immediately before and at the beginning of the race: ready, set, and the firing of the starter's pistol. The runners move to the starting blocks when they hear the 'ready' instruction. The following instruction, to adopt the 'set' position, allows them to adopt a more efficient starting posture and isometrically preload their muscles: this will help them to start faster. A race-official then fires the starter's pistol to signal the race beginning and the sprinters stride forwards from the blocks. Sprinters typically reach top speed after somewhere between 50 and 60 m. Their speed then slows towards the finish line.

The 10-second barrier has historically been a barometer of fast men's performances, while the best female sprinters take eleven seconds or less to complete the race. The current men's world record is 9.58 seconds, set by Jamaica's Usain Bolt in 2009, while the women's world record of 10.49 seconds set by American Florence Griffith-Joyner in 1988 remains unbroken.[n 1]

The 100 m (109.361 yards) emerged from the metrication of the 100 yards (91.44 m), a now defunct distance originally contested in English-speaking countries. The event is largely held outdoors as few indoor facilities have a 100 m straight.

US athletes have won the men's Olympic 100 metres title more times than any other country, 16 out of the 28 times that it has been run. US women have also dominated the event winning 9 out of 21 times.

Race dynamics[]

Start[]

File:20070701-nk2007-100m.jpg

Male sprinters await the starter's instructions

At the start, some athletes play psychological games such as trying to be last to the starting blocks.[3][4][5]

At high level meets, the time between the gun and first kick against the starting block is measured electronically, via sensors built in the gun and the blocks. A reaction time less than 0.1 s is considered a false start. The 0.2-second interval accounts for the sum of the time it takes for the sound of the starter's pistol to reach the runners' ears, and the time they take to react to it.

For many years a sprinter was disqualified if responsible for two false starts individually. However, this rule allowed some major races to be restarted so many times that the sprinters started to lose focus. The next iteration of the rule, introduced in February 2003, meant that one false start was allowed among the field, but anyone responsible for a subsequent false start was disqualified.

This rule led to some sprinters deliberately false-starting to gain a psychological advantage: an individual with a slower reaction time might false-start, forcing the faster starters to wait and be sure of hearing the gun for the subsequent start, thereby losing some of their advantage. To avoid such abuse and to improve spectator enjoyment, the IAAF implemented a further change in the 2010 season – a false starting athlete now receives immediate disqualification.[6] This proposal was met with objections when first raised in 2005, on the grounds that it would not leave any room for innocent mistakes. Justin Gatlin commented, "Just a flinch or a leg cramp could cost you a year's worth of work."[7] The rule had a dramatic impact at the 2011 World Championships, when current world record holder Usain Bolt was disqualified.[8][9]

Mid-race[]

Runners normally reach their top speed just past the halfway point of the race and they progressively decelerate in the later stages of the race. Maintaining that top speed for as long as possible is a primary focus of training for the 100 m.[10] Pacing and running tactics do not play a significant role in the 100 m, as success in the event depends more on pure athletic qualities and technique.

Finish[]

The winner, by IAAF Competition Rules, is determined by the first athlete with his or her torso (not including limbs, head, or neck) over the nearer edge of the finish line.[11] There is therefore no requirement for the entire body to cross the finish line. When the placing of the athletes is not obvious, a photo finish is used to distinguish which runner was first to cross the line.

Climatic conditions[]

See also: wind assistance

Climatic conditions, in particular air resistance, can affect performances in the 100 m. A strong head wind is very detrimental to performance, while a tail wind can improve performances significantly. For this reason, a maximum tail wind of 2.0 m/s is allowed for a 100 m performance to be considered eligible for records, or "wind legal".

Furthermore, sprint athletes perform a better run at high altitudes because of the thinner air, which provides less air resistance. In theory, the thinner air would also make breathing slightly more difficult (due to the partial pressure of oxygen being lower), but this difference is negligible for sprint distances where all the oxygen needed for the short dash is already in the muscles and bloodstream when the race starts. While there are no limitations on altitude, performances made at altitudes greater than 1000 m above sea level are marked with an "A".[12]

10-second barrier[]

Main article: 10-second barrier

Ethnicity[]

Main article: Race and sports

Only male sprinters have beaten the 100 m 10-second barrier, nearly all of them being of West African descent. Namibian (formerly South-West Africa) Frankie Fredericks became the first man of non-West African heritage to achieve the feat in 1991 and in 2003 Australia's Patrick Johnson (an Indigenous Australian with Irish heritage) became the first sub-10-second runner without an African background.[13][14][15][16]

In 2010, French sprinter Christophe Lemaitre became the first Caucasian to break the 10-second barrier,[16] and in 2017, Azerbaijani-born naturalized Turkish Ramil Guliyev followed.[17] In the Prefontaine Classic 2015 Diamond League meet at Eugene, Su Bingtian of China ran a time of 9.99 seconds, becoming the first East Asian athlete to officially break the 10-second barrier. On 22 June 2018, Su improved his time in Madrid with a time of 9.91.[18] On 9 September 2017, Yoshihide Kiryū became the first man from Japan to break the 10-second barrier in the 100 metres, running a 9.98 (+1.8) at an intercollegiate meet in Fukui. In the 2015 Birmingham Grand Prix Diamond League meet, British athlete Adam Gemili, who is of mixed Iranian and Moroccan descent, ran a time of 9.97 seconds on home soil, becoming the first athlete with either North African or Middle Eastern heritage to break the ten-second barrier.[citation needed]

Colin Jackson, an athlete with mixed ethnic background and former world record holder in the 110 metre hurdles,[19] noted that both his parents were talented athletes and suggested that biological inheritance was the greatest influence, rather than any perceived racial factor. Furthermore, successful black role models in track events may reinforce the racial disparity.[20]

Record performances[]

Major 100 m races, such as at the Olympic Games, attract much attention, particularly when the world record is thought to be within reach.

The men's world record has been improved upon twelve times since electronic timing became mandatory in 1977.[21] The current men's world record of 9.58 s is held by Usain Bolt of Jamaica, set at the 2009 World Athletics Championships final in Berlin, Germany on 16 August 2009, breaking his own previous world record by 0.11 s.[22] The current women's world record of 10.49 s was set by Florence Griffith-Joyner of the US, at the 1988 United States Olympic Trials in Indianapolis, Indiana, on 16 July 1988[23] breaking Evelyn Ashford's four-year-old world record by .27 seconds. The extraordinary nature of this result and those of several other sprinters in this race raised the possibility of a technical malfunction with the wind gauge which read at 0.0 m/s- a reading which was at complete odds to the windy conditions on the day with high wind speeds being recorded in all other sprints before and after this race as well as the parallel long jump runway at the time of the Griffith-Joyner performance. All scientific studies commissioned by the IAAF and independent organizations since have confirmed there was certainly an illegal tailwind of between 5 m/s – 7 m/s at the time. This should have annulled the legality of this result, although the IAAF has chosen not to take this course of action. The legitimate next best wind legal performance would therefore be Griffith-Joyner's 10.61s performance in the final the next day.[24]

Some records have been marred by prohibited drug use – in particular, the scandal at the 1988 Summer Olympics when the winner, Canadian Ben Johnson was stripped of his medal and world record.

Jim Hines, Ronnie Ray Smith and Charles Greene were the first to break the 10-second barrier in the 100 m, all on 20 June 1968, the Night of Speed. Hines also recorded the first legal electronically timed sub-10 second 100 m in winning the 100 metres at the 1968 Olympics. Bob Hayes ran a wind-assisted 9.91 seconds at the 1964 Olympics.

Continental records[]

Updated 29 November 2018.[25]

Area Men Women
Time (s) Wind (m/s) Athlete Nation Time (s) Wind (m/s) Athlete Nation
Africa (records) 9.85 +1.7 Olusoji Fasuba Flag of Nigeria Nigeria 10.78 +1.6 Murielle Ahouré Flag of Côte d'Ivoire Ivory Coast
Asia (records) 9.91 +1.8 Femi Ogunode Flag of Qatar Qatar 10.79 0.0 Li Xuemei Flag of the People's Republic of China China
+0.6
+0.2 Su Bingtian Flag of the People's Republic of China China
+0.8
Europe (records) 9.86 +0.6 Francis Obikwelu Flag of Portugal Portugal 10.73 +2.0 Christine Arron Flag of France France
+1.3 Jimmy Vicaut Flag of France France
+1.8
North, Central America
and Caribbean (records)		 9.58 WR +0.9 Usain Bolt Flag of Jamaica Jamaica 10.49 WR 0.0 Florence Griffith-Joyner Flag of the United States United States
Oceania (records) 9.93 +1.8 Patrick Johnson Flag of Australia.svg Australia 11.11 +1.9 Melissa Breen Flag of Australia.svg Australia
South America (records) 10.00[A] +1.6 Robson da Silva Flag of Brazil Brazil 10.91 −0.2 Rosângela Santos Flag of Brazil Brazil

Notes[]

All-time top 25 men[]

File:Usain Bolt winning.jpg

Usain Bolt breaking the world and Olympic records at the 2008 Beijing Olympics

See also: 10-second barrier and Men's 100 metres world record progression

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Rank Time Wind (m/s) Athlete Country Date Place Ref
1 9.58 +0.9 Usain Bolt Flag of Jamaica Jamaica 16 August 2009 Berlin [29]
2 9.69 +2.0 Tyson Gay Flag of the United States United States 20 September 2009 Shanghai [30]
−0.1 Yohan Blake Flag of Jamaica Jamaica 23 August 2012 Lausanne [31]
4 9.72 +0.2 Asafa Powell Flag of Jamaica Jamaica 2 September 2008 Lausanne [32]
5 9.74 +0.9 Justin Gatlin Flag of the United States United States 15 May 2015 Doha [33]
6 9.76 +0.6 Christian Coleman Flag of the United States United States 28 September 2019 Doha [34]
7 9.78 +0.9 Nesta Carter Flag of Jamaica Jamaica 29 August 2010 Rieti [35]
8 9.79 +0.1 Maurice Greene Flag of the United States United States 16 June 1999 Athens [36]
9 9.80 +1.3 Steve Mullings Flag of Jamaica Jamaica 4 June 2011 Eugene [37]
10 9.82 +1.7 Richard Thompson Flag of Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago 21 June 2014 Port of Spain [38]
11 9.84 +0.7 Donovan Bailey Flag of Canada Canada 27 July 1996 Atlanta
+0.2 Bruny Surin Flag of Canada Canada 22 August 1999 Seville
+1.3 Trayvon Bromell Flag of the United States United States 25 June 2015 Eugene
+1.6 3 July 2016 [39]
14 9.85 +1.2 Leroy Burrell Flag of the United States United States 6 July 1994 Lausanne [40]
+1.7 Olusoji Fasuba Flag of Nigeria Nigeria 12 May 2006 Doha
+1.3 Mike Rodgers Flag of the United States United States 4 June 2011 Eugene
17 9.86 +1.2 Carl Lewis Flag of the United States United States 25 August 1991 Tokyo [41]
−0.7 Frankie Fredericks Flag of Namibia Namibia 3 July 1996 Lausanne
+1.8 Ato Boldon Flag of Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago 19 April 1998 Walnut
+0.6 Francis Obikwelu Flag of Portugal Portugal 22 August 2004 Athens
+1.4 Keston Bledman Flag of Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago 23 June 2012 Port of Spain
+1.3 Jimmy Vicaut Flag of France France 4 July 2015 Saint-Denis [42]
+0.9 Noah Lyles Flag of the United States United States 18 May 2019 Shanghai [43]
+0.8 Divine Oduduru Flag of Nigeria Nigeria 7 June 2019 Austin [44]
25 9.87 +0.3 Linford Christie Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom 15 August 1993 Stuttgart
9.87[A] −0.2 Obadele Thompson Flag of Barbados Barbados 11 September 1998 Johannesburg
9.87 −0.1 Ronnie Baker Flag of the United States United States 22 August 2018 Chorzów [45]

More facts about these male runners[]

  • Usain Bolt also holds the world record for the fastest 100 metres with a running start at 8.70 (41 km/h). This was achieved in a 150 metres race during the BUPA Great City Games in Manchester on 17 May 2009, completed in 14.35 (also a world record).[46] He also ran 9.63 (2012), 9.69 (2008), 9.72 (2008), 9.76 (2008, 2011, 2012), 9.77 (2008, 2013), 9.79 (2009, 2012, 2015), 9.80 (2013), 9.81 (2009, 2016), 9.82 (2010, 2012), 9.83 (2008), 9.84 (2010), 9.85 (2008, 2011, 2013), 9.86 (2009, 2010, 2012, 2016) and 9.87 (2012, 2015).
  • Tyson Gay also ran 9.71 (2009), 9.77 (2008, 2009), 9.78 (2010), 9.79 (2010, 2011), 9.84 (2006, 2007, 2010), 9.85 (2007, 2008), 9.86 (2012), and 9.87 (2015).
  • Asafa Powell also ran 9.74 (2007), 9.77 (2005, 2006, 2008), 9.78 (2007, 2011), 9.81 (2015), 9.82 (2008, 2009, 2010), 9.83 (2007, 2008, 2010), 9.84 (2005, 2007, 2009, 2015), 9.85 (2005, 2006, 2009, 2012), 9.86 (2006, 2011), and 9.87 (2004, 2008, 2014, 2015).
  • Yohan Blake also ran 9.75 (2012), 9.76 (2012), 9.82 (2011), 9.84 (2012), and 9.85 (2012).
  • Justin Gatlin ran 9.77 in Doha on 12 May 2006, which was at the time ratified as a world record. However, the record was rescinded in 2007 after he failed a doping test in April 2006. He also ran 9.75 (2015), 9.77 (2014, 2015), 9.78 (2015), 9.79 (2012), 9.80 (2012, 2014, 2015, 2016), 9.82 (2012, 2014), 9.83 (2014, 2016), 9.85 (2004, 2013) 9.86 (2014), and 9.87 (2012, 2014, 2019).
  • Tim Montgomery ran 9.78 in Paris on 14 September 2002, which was at the time ratified as a world record.[47] However, the record was rescinded in December 2005 following his indictment in the BALCO scandal on drug use and drug trafficking charges.[48] The time had stood as the world record until Asafa Powell first ran 9.77.[49]
  • Ben Johnson ran 9.79 in Seoul on 24 September 1988, but he was disqualified after he tested positive for stanozolol after the race. He subsequently admitted to drug use between 1981 and 1988, and his time of 9.83 at Rome on 30 August 1987 was rescinded.
  • Christian Coleman also ran 9.79 (2018), 9.81 (2019), 9.82 (2017), 9.85 (2019), and 9.86 (2019).
  • Maurice Greene also ran 9.80 (1999), 9.82 (2001), 9.85 (1999), 9.86 (1997, 2000), and 9.87 (1999, 2000, 2004).
  • Trayvon Bromell also ran 9.84 (2016).
  • Nesta Carter also ran 9.85 (2010), 9.86 (2010), and 9.87 (2013).
  • Richard Thompson also ran 9.85 (2011).
  • Ato Boldon also ran 9.86 (1998, 1999) and 9.87 (1997).
  • Keston Bledman also ran 9.86 (2015).
  • Mike Rodgers also ran 9.86 (2015).
  • Jimmy Vicaut also ran 9.86 (2016).
  • Frankie Fredericks also ran 9.87 (1996).
  • Dwain Chambers ran 9.87 in Paris on 14 September 2002, which at the time equaled the European record. He tested positive for tetrahydrogestrinone in October 2003, and was given a two-year suspension in February 2004. Originally he claimed innocence, but after his suspension ended in November 2005 he admitted to doping during the 2002 and 2003 seasons. His record was subsequently rescinded in June 2006.[50]
  • Steve Mullings is serving a lifetime ban for doping.[51]

Assisted marks[]

Any performance with a following wind of more than 2.0 metres per second is not counted for record purposes. Below is a list of the fastest wind-assisted times (9.80 or better). Only times that are superior to legal bests are shown.

  • Justin Gatlin ran 9.45 (+20 m/s) in 2011 on the Japanese TV show Kasupe! assisted by wind machines blowing at speeds over 25 metres per second.[52]
  • Tyson Gay (USA) ran 9.68 (+4.1 m/s) during the U.S. Olympic Trials in Eugene, Oregon on 29 June 2008.[53]
  • Obadele Thompson (BAR) ran 9.69 (+5.7 m/s) in El Paso, Texas on 13 April 1996, which stood as the fastest ever 100 metres time for 12 years.
  • Andre De Grasse (CAN) ran 9.69 (+4.8 m/s) during the Diamond League in Stockholm on 18 June 2017[54] and 9.75 (+2.7 m/s) during the NCAA Outdoor Track and Field Championships in Eugene, Oregon on 12 June 2015.
  • Richard Thompson (TTO) ran 9.74 (exact wind unknown) in Clermont, Florida on 31 May 2014.
  • Darvis Patton (USA) ran 9.75 (+4.3 m/s) in Austin, Texas on 30 March 2013.
  • Churandy Martina (AHO) ran 9.76 (+6.1 m/s) in El Paso, Texas on 13 May 2006.
  • Trayvon Bromell (USA) ran 9.76 (+3.7 m/s) in Eugene, Oregon on 26 June 2015 and 9.77 (+4.2 m/s) in Lubbock, Texas on 18 May 2014.
  • Carl Lewis (USA) ran 9.78 (+5.2 m/s) during the U.S. Olympic Trials in Indianapolis on 16 July 1988 and 9.80 (+4.3 m/s) during the World Championships in Tokyo on 24 August 1991.
  • Maurice Greene (USA) ran 9.78 (+3.7 m/s) in Eugene, Oregon on 31 May 2004.
  • Ronnie Baker (USA) ran 9.78 (+2.4 m/s) during the Diamond League in Eugene, Oregon on 26 May 2018.
  • Andre Cason (USA) ran 9.79 (+5.3 m/s) and (+4.5 m/s) in Eugene, Oregon on 16 June 1993.
  • Walter Dix (USA) ran 9.80 (+4.1 m/s) during the U.S. Olympic Trials in Eugene, Oregon on 29 June 2008.
  • Mike Rodgers (USA) ran 9.80 (+2.7 m/s) in Eugene, Oregon on 31 May 2014 and 9.80 (+2.4 m/s) in Sacramento, California on 27 June 2014.

All-time top 25 women[]

File:100m women Golden League 2007 in Zurich.jpg

Christine Arron (left) wins the 100 m at the Weltklasse meeting.

See also: Women's 100 metres world record progression
Rank Time Wind (m/s) Athlete Nation Date Location Ref
1 10.49 0.0[n 1] Florence Griffith-Joyner Flag of the United States United States 16 July 1988 Indianapolis
2 10.64 +1.2 Carmelita Jeter Flag of the United States United States 20 September 2009 Shanghai
3 10.65 [A] +1.1 Marion Jones Flag of the United States United States 12 September 1998 Johannesburg
4 10.70 +0.6 Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce Flag of Jamaica Jamaica 29 June 2012 Kingston
+0.3 Elaine Thompson Flag of Jamaica Jamaica 1 July 2016 Kingston [57]
6 10.73 +2.0 Christine Arron Flag of France France 19 August 1998 Budapest
7 10.74 +1.3 Merlene Ottey Flag of Jamaica Jamaica 7 September 1996 Milan
+1.0 English Gardner Flag of the United States United States 3 July 2016 Eugene [39]
9 10.75 +0.4 Kerron Stewart Flag of Jamaica Jamaica 10 July 2009 Rome
+1.6 Sha'Carri Richardson Flag of the United States United States 8 June 2019 Austin [58]
11 10.76 +1.7 Evelyn Ashford Flag of the United States United States 22 August 1984 Zürich
+1.1 Veronica Campbell-Brown Flag of Jamaica Jamaica 31 May 2011 Ostrava
13 10.77 +0.9 Irina Privalova Flag of Russia Russia 6 July 1994 Lausanne
+0.7 Ivet Lalova Flag of Bulgaria Bulgaria 19 June 2004 Plovdiv
15 10.78 [A] +1.0 Dawn Sowell Flag of the United States United States 3 June 1989 Provo
10.78 +1.8 Torri Edwards Flag of the United States United States 26 June 2008 Eugene
+1.6 Murielle Ahouré Flag of Côte d'Ivoire Ivory Coast 11 June 2016 Montverde [59]
+1.0 Tianna Bartoletta Flag of the United States United States 3 July 2016 Eugene [39]
+1.0 Tori Bowie Flag of the United States United States 3 July 2016 Eugene [39]
20 10.79 0.0 Li Xuemei Flag of the People's Republic of China China 18 October 1997 Shanghai
−0.1 Inger Miller Flag of the United States United States 22 August 1999 Seville
+1.1 Blessing Okagbare Flag of Nigeria Nigeria 27 July 2013 London
23 10.81 +1.7 Marlies Göhr Flag of East Germany East Germany 8 June 1983 Berlin
−0.3 Dafne Schippers Flag of the Netherlands Netherlands 24 August 2015 Beijing [60]
25 10.82 −1.0 Gail Devers Flag of the United States United States 1 August 1992 Barcelona
+1.5 7 July 1993 Lausanne
−0.3 16 August 1993 Stuttgart
+0.4 Gwen Torrence Flag of the United States United States 3 September 1994 Paris
−0.3 Zhanna Block Flag of Ukraine Ukraine 6 August 2001 Edmonton
−0.7 Sherone Simpson Flag of Jamaica Jamaica 24 June 2006 Kingston
+0.9 Michelle-Lee Ahye Flag of Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago 24 June 2017 Port of Spain [61]

More facts about these female runners[]

  • Florence Griffith-Joyner's world record has been the subject of a controversy due to strong suspicion of a defective anemometer measuring a tailwind lower than actually present;[62] since 1997 the International Athletics Annual of the Association of Track and Field Statisticians has listed this performance as "probably strongly wind assisted, but recognised as a world record".[63] It can be reasonable to assume a wind reading of about +4.7 m/s for Griffith-Joyner's quarter-final. Her legal 10.61 the following day and 10.62 at the 1988 Olympics would still make her the world record holder.[64]

Below is a list of all other legal times equal or superior to 10.82:

  • As well as the 10.61 (1988) and 10.62 (1988) mentioned in the more facts section, Florence Griffith-Joyner also ran 10.70 (1988).
  • Carmelita Jeter also ran 10.67 (2009), 10.70 (2011), 10.78 (2011, 2012), 10.81 (2012), and 10.82 (2010).
  • Marion Jones also ran 10.70 (1999), 10.71 (1998), 10.72 (1998), 10.75 (1998), 10.76 (1997, 1999), 10.77 (1998), 10.78 (2000), 10.79 (1998), 10.80 (1998, 1999), 10.81 (1997, 1998), and 10.82 (1998).
  • Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce also ran 10.71 (2013, 2019), 10.72 (2013), 10.73 (2009, 2019), 10.74 (2015, 2019), 10.75 (2012), 10.76 (2015), 10.77 (2013), 10.78 (2008, 2019), 10.79 (2009, 2015), 10.80 (2019), 10.81 (2015, 2019), and 10.82 (2010, 2015).
  • Elaine Thompson also ran 10.71 (2016, 2017), 10.72 (2016), 10.73 (2019), and 10.78 (2016, 2017).
  • Kerron Stewart also ran 10.75 (2009) and 10.80 (2008).
  • Merlene Ottey also ran 10.78 (1990, 1994), 10.79 (1991), 10.80 (1992), and 10.82 (1990, 1993).
  • Veronica Campbell-Brown also ran 10.78 (2010), 10.81 (2012), and 10.82 (2012).
  • Evelyn Ashford also ran 10.79 (1983) and 10.81 (1988).
  • English Gardner also ran 10.79 (2015) and 10.81 (2016).
  • Tori Bowie also ran 10.80 (2014, 2016), 10.81 (2015), and 10.82 (2015).
  • Blessing Okagbare also ran 10.80 (2015).
  • Christine Arron also ran 10.81 (1998).
  • Inger Miller also ran 10.81 (1999).
  • Murielle Ahouré also ran 10.81 (2015).
  • Irina Privalova also ran 10.82 (1992).
  • Gail Devers also ran 10.82 (1993).
  • Gwen Torrence also ran 10.82 (1996).

Assisted marks[]

Any performance with a following wind of more than 2.0 metres per second is not counted for record purposes. Below is a list of the fastest wind-assisted times (10.82 or better). Only times that are superior to legal bests are shown.

  • Tori Bowie (USA) ran 10.72 (+3.2 m/s) during the USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships in Eugene, Oregon on 26 June 2015 and 10.74 (+3.1 m/s) during the U.S. Olympic Trials in Eugene, Oregon on 3 July 2016.
  • Tawanna Meadows (USA) ran 10.72 (+4.5 m/s) in Lubbock, Texas on 6 May 2017.
  • Blessing Okagbare (NGR) ran 10.72 (+2.7 m/s) in Austin, Texas on 31 March 2018 and 10.75 (+2.2 m/s) in Eugene, Oregon on 1 June 2013.
  • Marshevet Hooker (USA) ran 10.76 (+3.4 m/s) during the U.S. Olympic Trials in Eugene, Oregon on 27 June 2008.
  • Gail Devers (USA) ran 10.77 (+2.3 m/s) in San Jose, California on 28 May 1994.
  • Ekaterini Thanou (GRE) ran 10.77 (+2.3 m/s) in Rethymno on 29 May 1999.
  • Gwen Torrence (USA) ran 10.78 (+5.0 m/s) during the U.S. Olympic Trials in Indianapolis on 16 July 1988.
  • Muna Lee (USA) ran 10.78 (+3.3 m/s) in Eugene, Oregon on 26 June 2009.
  • Marlies Göhr (GDR) ran 10.79 (+3.3 m/s) in Cottbus on 16 July 1980.
  • Kelli White (USA) ran 10.79 (+2.3 m/s) in Carson, California on 1 June 2001. This performance was annulled in 2003 after she tested positive for modafinil.
  • Pam Marshall (USA) ran 10.80 (+2.9 m/s) in Eugene, Oregon on 20 June 1986.
  • Heike Drechsler (GDR) ran 10.80 (+2.8 m/s) in Oslo on 5 July 1986.
  • Jenna Prandini (USA) ran 10.81 (+3.6 m/s) during the U.S. Olympic Trials in Eugene, Oregon on 2 July 2016.
  • Silke Gladisch (GDR) ran 10.82 (+2.2 m/s) in Rome on 30 August 1987.

Season's bests[]

Top 15 junior (under-20) men[]

Updated 9 June 2019.[65]

Rank Time Wind (m/s) Athlete Nation Date Location Age Ref
1 9.97 +1.8 Trayvon Bromell Flag of the United States United States 13 June 2014 Eugene 18 years, 338 days [66]
2 10.00 +1.6 Trentavis Friday Flag of the United States United States 5 July 2014 Eugene 19 years, 30 days
3 10.01 +0.0 Darrel Brown Flag of Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago 24 August 2003 Saint-Denis 18 years, 317 days
+1.6 Jeff Demps Flag of the United States United States 28 June 2008 Eugene 18 years, 172 days
+0.9 Yoshihide Kiryu Flag of Japan Japan 28 April 2013 Hiroshima 17 years, 134 days [67]
6 10.03 +0.7 Marcus Rowland Flag of the United States United States 31 July 2009 Port of Spain 19 years, 142 days
+1.7 Lalu Muhammad Zohri Flag of Indonesia Indonesia 19 May 2019 Osaka 18 years, 322 days [68]
8 10.04 +1.7 D'Angelo Cherry Flag of the United States United States 10 June 2009 Fayetteville 18 years, 313 days
+0.2 Christophe Lemaitre Flag of France France 24 July 2009 Novi Sad 19 years, 43 days
+1.9 Abdullah Abkar Mohammed Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Saudi Arabia 15 April 2016 Norwalk 18 years, 319 days [69]
11 10.05 +0.1 Adam Gemili Flag of the United Kingdom Great Britain 11 July 2012 Barcelona 18 years, 279 days
+0.5 Abdul Hakim Sani Brown Flag of Japan Japan 24 June 2017 Osaka 18 years, 110 days [70]
−0.6 4 August 2017 London 18 years, 151 days [71]
13 10.06 0.0 Sunday Emmanuel Flag of Nigeria Nigeria 26 April 1997 Walnut 18 years, 200 days
+2.0 Dwain Chambers Flag of the United Kingdom Great Britain 25 July 1997 Ljubljana 19 years, 111 days
+1.5 Walter Dix Flag of the United States United States 27 May 2005 New York 19 years, 116 days

Notes[]

  • Trayvon Bromell's junior world record is also the age-18 world record. He also recorded the fastest wind-assisted (+4.2 m/s) time for a junior or age-18 athlete of 9.77 seconds on 18 May 2014 (age 18 years, 312 days).[72]
  • Yoshihide Kiryu's time of 10.01 seconds matched the junior world record set by Darrel Brown and Jeff Demps, but was not ratified because of the type of wind gauge used.[73]
  • British sprinter Mark Lewis-Francis recorded a time of 9.97 seconds on 4 August 2001 (age 18 years, 334 days), but the wind gauge malfunctioned.[74]
  • Nigerian sprinter Davidson Ezinwa recorded a time of 10.05 seconds on 4 January 1990 (age 18 years, 43 days), but with no wind gauge.[75]

Top 20 junior (under-20) women[]

Updated 21 June 2019[76]

Rank Time Wind (m/s) Athlete Nation Date Location Age Ref
1 10.75 +1.6 Sha'Carri Richardson Flag of the United States United States 8 June 2019 Austin 19 years, 75 days [77]
2 10.88 +2.0 Marlies Göhr Flag of East Germany East Germany 1 July 1977 Dresden 19 years, 102 days
3 10.89 +1.8 Katrin Krabbe Flag of East Germany East Germany 20 July 1988 Berlin 18 years, 241 days
4 10.94 +0.6 Briana Williams Flag of Jamaica Jamaica 21 June 2019 Kingston 17 years, 92 days [78]
5 10.98 +2.0 Candace Hill Flag of the United States United States 20 June 2015 Shoreline 16 years, 129 days [79]
6 10.99 +0.9 Ángela Tenorio Flag of Ecuador Ecuador 22 July 2015 Toronto 19 years, 176 days [80]
+1.7 Twanisha Terry Flag of the United States United States 21 April 2018 Torrance 19 years, 148 days [81]
8 11.02 +1.8 Tamara Clark Flag of the United States United States 12 May 2018 Knoxville 19 years, 123 days
9 11.03 +1.7 Silke Gladisch-Möller Flag of East Germany East Germany 8 June 1983 Berlin 18 years, 353 days
+0.6 English Gardner Flag of the United States United States 14 May 2011 Tucson 19 years, 22 days
11 11.04 +1.4 Angela Williams Flag of the United States United States 5 June 1999 Boise 19 years, 126 days
+1.6 Kiara Grant Flag of Jamaica Jamaica 8 June 2019 Austin 18 years, 243 days [82]
13 11.06 +0.9 Khalifa St. Fort Flag of Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago 24 June 2017 Port of Spain 19 years, 131 days [83]
14 11.07 +0.7 Bianca Knight Flag of the United States United States 27 June 2008 Eugene 19 years, 177 days
15 11.08 +2.0 Brenda Morehead Flag of the United States United States 21 June 1976 Eugene 18 years, 260 days
16 11.09 NWI Angela Williams Flag of Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago 14 April 1984 Nashville 18 years, 335 days
17 11.10 +0.9 Kaylin Whitney Flag of the United States United States 5 July 2014 Eugene 16 years, 118 days
18 11.11 +0.2 Shakedia Jones Flag of the United States United States 2 May 1998 Westwood 19 years, 48 days
+1.1 Joan Uduak Ekah Flag of Nigeria Nigeria 2 July 1999 Lausanne 17 years, 224 days

Notes[]

Below is a list of all other legal times equal or superior to 11.02:

  • Sha'Carri Richardson also ran 10.99 (2019).
  • Briana Williams also ran 11.01 (2019) and 11.02 (2019).

Top 15 Youth (under-18) boys[]

Updated 30 November 2018[84]

Rank Time Wind (m/s) Athlete Country Date Location Age Ref
1 10.15 +2.0 Anthony Schwartz Flag of the United States United States 31 March 2017 Gainesville 16 years, 207 days [85]
2 10.19 +0.5 Yoshihide Kiryu Flag of Japan Japan 3 November 2012 Fukuroi 16 years, 324 days
3 10.20 +1.4 Darryl Haraway Flag of the United States United States 15 June 2014 Greensboro 17 years, 87 days
+1.5 Tlotliso Leotlela Flag of South Africa South Africa 7 September 2015 Apia 17 years, 118 days [86]
+2.0 Sachin Dennis Flag of Jamaica Jamaica 23 March 2018 Kingston 15 years, 233 days [87]
6 10.22 +1.0 Abdul Hakim Sani Brown Flag of Japan Japan 14 May 2016 Shanghai 17 years, 69 days
7 10.23 +0.8 Tamunosiki Atorudibo Flag of Nigeria Nigeria 23 March 2002 Enugu 17 years, 2 days
+1.2 Rynell Parson Flag of the United States United States 21 June 2007 Indianapolis 16 years, 345 days
9 10.24 +0.0 Darrel Brown Flag of Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago 14 April 2001 Bridgetown 16 years, 185 days
10 10.25 +1.5 J-Mee Samuels Flag of the United States United States 11 July 2004 Knoxville 17 years, 52 days
+1.6 Jeff Demps Flag of the United States United States 1 August 2007 Knoxville 17 years, 205 days
+0.9 Jhevaughn Matherson Flag of Jamaica Jamaica 5 March 2016 Kingston 17 years, 7 days [88]
13 10.26 +1.2 Deworski Odom Flag of the United States United States 21 July 1994 Lisbon 17 years, 101 days
−0.1 Sunday Emmanuel Flag of Nigeria Nigeria 18 March 1995 Bauchi 16 years, 161 days
15 10.27 +0.2 Henry Thomas Flag of the United States United States 19 May 1984 Norwalk 16 years, 314 days
+1.6 Curtis Johnson Flag of the United States United States 30 June 1990 Fresno 16 years, 188 days
+1.0 Ivory Williams Flag of the United States United States 8 June 2002 Sacramento 17 years, 37 days
−0.2 Jazeel Murphy Flag of Jamaica Jamaica 23 April 2011 Montego Bay 17 years, 55 days
+1.9 Raheem Chambers Flag of Jamaica Jamaica 20 April 2014 Fort-de-France 16 years, 196 days

Top 15 Youth (under-18) girls[]

Updated 21 June 2019[89]

Rank Time Wind (m/s) Athlete Nation Date Location Age Ref
1 10.94 +0.6 Briana Williams Flag of Jamaica Jamaica 21 June 2019 Kingston 17 years, 92 days [78]
2 10.98 +2.0 Candace Hill Flag of the United States United States 20 June 2015 Shoreline 16 years, 129 days [79]
3 11.10 +0.9 Kaylin Whitney Flag of the United States United States 5 July 2014 Eugene 16 years, 118 days [90]
4 11.13 +2.0 Chandra Cheeseborough Flag of the United States United States 21 June 1976 Eugene 17 years, 163 days
+1.6 Tamari Davis Flag of the United States United States 9 June 2018 Montverde 15 years, 159 days
6 11.14 +1.7 Marion Jones Flag of the United States United States 6 June 1992 Norwalk 16 years, 238 days
−0.5 Angela Williams Flag of the United States United States 21 June 1997 Edwardsville 17 years, 142 days
8 11.16 +1.2 Gabrielle Mayo Flag of the United States United States 22 June 2006 Indianapolis 17 years, 147 days
+0.9 Kevona Davis Flag of Jamaica Jamaica 23 March 2018 Kingston 16 years, 93 days
10 11.17 A +0.6 Wendy Vereen Flag of the United States United States 3 July 1983 Colorado Springs 17 years, 70 days
11 11.19 0.0 Khalifa St. Fort Flag of Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago 16 July 2015 Cali 17 years, 153 days
12 11.20 A +1.2 Raelene Boyle Flag of Australia.svg Australia 15 October 1968 Mexico City 17 years, 144 days
13 11.24 −1.0 Ewa Swoboda Flag of Poland Poland 4 June 2015 Sankt Pölten 17 years, 313 days
14 11.24 +1.2 Jeneba Tarmoh Flag of the United States United States 22 June 2006 Indianapolis 16 years, 268 days
+0.8 Jodie Williams Flag of the United Kingdom Great Britain 31 May 2010 Bedford 16 years, 245 days

Notes[]

Below is a list of all other legal times equal or superior to 11.02:

  • Briana Williams also ran 11.01 (2019) and 11.02 (2019).

Para world records men[]

File:Men's 100m T13 Final, 2012 Paralympics.jpg

Jason Smyth (in lane five) breaking the men's T13 world record at the 2012 Paralympic Games in London.

Updated 6 October 2019[91]

Class Time Wind (m/s) Athlete Nationality Date Place Ref
T11 10.92 +1.8 David Brown Flag of the United States United States 18 April 2014 Walnut
T12 10.45 +1.8 Salum Ageze Kashafali Flag of Norway Norway 13 June 2019 Oslo [92]
T13 10.46 +0.6 Jason Smyth Flag of Ireland Ireland 1 September 2012 London
T32 23.25 0.0 Martin McDonagh Flag of Ireland Ireland 13 August 1999 Nottingham
T33 16.46 +1.3 Ahmad Almutairi Flag of Kuwait Kuwait 12 May 2015 Doha
+1.0 3 June 2017 Nottwil
T34 14.46 +0.6 Walid Ktila Flag of Tunisia Tunisia 1 June 2019 Arbon
T35 12.22 +0.7 Ihor Tsvietov Flag of Ukraine Ukraine 9 September 2016 Rio de Janeiro [93]
T36 11.87 −0.5 Mohamad Ridzuan Mohamad Puzi Flag of Malaysia Malaysia 9 October 2018 Jakarta [94]
T37 11.42 +0.2 Charl du Toit Flag of South Africa South Africa 10 September 2016 Rio de Janeiro [95]
T38 10.74 −0.3 Hu Jianwen Flag of the People's Republic of China China 13 September 2016 Rio de Janeiro [96]
T42 12.56 -0.2 Record mark (previous record removed) File:Paralympic flag.svg IPA 1 January 2019 Bonn
T43 vacant
T44 11.12 +0.1 Mpumelelo Mhlongo Flag of South Africa South Africa 29 August 2019 Paris
T45 10.94 +0.2 Yohansson Nascimento Flag of Brazil Brazil 6 September 2012 London
T46/47 10.50 +0.5 Petrucio Ferreira dos Santos Flag of Brazil Brazil 15 June 2018 Paris
T51 19.89 +1.3 Peter Genyn Flag of Belgium (civil) Belgium 31 May 2018 Nottwil
T52 16.41 +0.2 Raymond Martin Flag of the United States United States 30 May 2019 Arbon
T53 14.10 +0.7 Brent Lakatos Flag of Canada Canada 27 May 2017 Arbon
T54 13.63 +1.0 Leo-Pekka Tähti Flag of Finland Finland 1 September 2012 London
T61 12.77 -0.1 Ntando Mahlangu Flag of South Africa South Africa 20 March 2019 Stellenbosch
T62 10.66 +1.3 Johannes Floors Flag of Germany Germany 21 June 2019 Leverkusen
T63 11.95 +1.9 Vinicius Goncalves Rodrigues Flag of Brazil Brazil 25 April 2019 São Paulo
T64 10.61 +1.4 Richard Browne Flag of the United States United States 29 October 2015 Doha

Para world records women[]

Updated 4 September 2019[97]

Classification Time Wind (m/s) Athlete Nationality Date Place Ref
T11 11.91 +0.7 Libby Clegg Flag of the United Kingdom Great Britain 9 September 2016 Rio de Janeiro [98]
T12 11.40 +0.2 Omara Durand Flag of Cuba Cuba 9 September 2016 Rio de Janeiro [99]
T13 11.79 +0.5 Leilia Adzhametova Flag of Ukraine Ukraine 11 September 2016 Rio de Janeiro [100]
T32 37.67 0.0 Lindsay Wright Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom 25 July 1997 Nottingham
T33 19.89 +0.3 Shelby Watson Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom 26 May 2016 Nottwil
T34 16.80 +0.5 Kare Adenegan Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom 21 July 2018 London
T35 13.43 +0.9 Isis Holt Flag of Australia.svg Australia 19 July 2017 London
T36 13.68 +1.5 Shi Yiting Flag of the People's Republic of China China 20 July 2017 London
T37 13.10 +1.3 Mandy Francois-Elie Flag of France France 24 May 2019 Nottwil
T38 12.43 +1.3 Sophie Hahn Flag of the United Kingdom Great Britain 19 May 2019 Loughborough
T42 14.61 −0.2 Martina Caironi Flag of Italy Italy 30 October 2015 Doha [101]
T43 12.80 +1.0 Marlou van Rhijn Flag of the Netherlands Netherlands 29 October 2015 Doha [102]
T44 12.72 +0.5 Irmgard Bensusan Flag of Germany Germany 24 May 2019 Nottwil [103]
12.72 +1.8 Irmgard Bensusan Flag of Germany Germany 21 June 2019 Leverkusen
T45 14.00 0.0 Giselle Cole Flag of Canada Canada 2 June 1980 Arnhem
T46/47 11.95 −0.2 Yunidis Castillo Flag of Cuba Cuba 4 September 2012 London
T51 24.69 −0.8 Cassie Mitchell Flag of the United States United States 2 July 2016 Charlotte
T52 18.67 +1.7 Michelle Stilwell Flag of Canada Canada 14 July 2012 Windsor
T53 16.19 +1.0 Huang Lisha Flag of the People's Republic of China China 8 September 2016 Rio de Janeiro [104]
T54 15.35 +1.9 Tatyana McFadden Flag of the United States United States 5 June 2016 Indianapolis
T61 21.58 −0.2 Erina Yuguchi Flag of Japan Japan 11 May 2019 Beijing
T62 13.63 +1.0 Fleur Jong Flag of the Netherlands Netherlands 15 June 2019 Nijmegen
T63 14.61 −0.2 Martina Caironi Flag of Italy Italy 30 October 2015 Doha
T64 12.66 +0.5 Marlene van Gansewinkel Flag of the Netherlands Netherlands 24 May 2019 Nottwil [105]

Olympic medallists[]

Further information: 100 metres at the Olympics

Men[]

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1896 Athens
details 		File:US flag 44 stars.svg Thomas Burke (USA) File:Flag of the German Empire.svg Fritz Hofmann (GER) File:US flag 44 stars.svg Francis Lane (USA)
File:Flag of Hungary (1867-1918).svg Alajos Szokolyi (HUN)
1900 Paris
details 		File:US flag 45 stars.svg Frank Jarvis (USA) File:US flag 45 stars.svg Walter Tewksbury (USA) File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Stan Rowley (AUS)
1904 St. Louis
details 		File:US flag 45 stars.svg Archie Hahn (USA) File:US flag 45 stars.svg Nathaniel Cartmell (USA) File:US flag 45 stars.svg William Hogenson (USA)
1908 London
details 		File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Reggie Walker (RSA) File:US flag 45 stars.svg James Rector (USA) File:Canadian Red Ensign (1868-1921).svg Robert Kerr (CAN)
1912 Stockholm
details 		File:US flag 48 stars.svg Ralph Craig (USA) File:US flag 48 stars.svg Alvah Meyer (USA) File:US flag 48 stars.svg Donald Lippincott (USA)
1920 Antwerp
details 		File:US flag 48 stars.svg Charley Paddock (USA) File:US flag 48 stars.svg Morris Kirksey (USA) File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Harry Edward (GBR)
1924 Paris
details 		File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Harold Abrahams (GBR) File:US flag 48 stars.svg Jackson Scholz (USA) File:Flag of New Zealand.svg Arthur Porritt, Baron Porritt (NZL)
1928 Amsterdam
details 		File:Canadian Red Ensign (1921-1957).svg Percy Williams (CAN) File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Jack London (GBR) File:Flag of Germany (3-2 aspect ratio).svg Georg Lammers (GER)
1932 Los Angeles
details 		File:US flag 48 stars.svg Eddie Tolan (USA) File:US flag 48 stars.svg Ralph Metcalfe (USA) File:Flag of Germany (3-2 aspect ratio).svg Arthur Jonath (GER)
1936 Berlin
details 		File:US flag 48 stars.svg Jesse Owens (USA) File:US flag 48 stars.svg Ralph Metcalfe (USA) File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Tinus Osendarp (NED)
1948 London
details 		File:US flag 48 stars.svg Harrison Dillard (USA) File:US flag 48 stars.svg Barney Ewell (USA) File:Flag of Panama.svg Lloyd LaBeach (PAN)
1952 Helsinki
details 		File:US flag 48 stars.svg Lindy Remigino (USA) File:Flag of Jamaica (1906-1957).svg Herb McKenley (JAM) File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg McDonald Bailey (GBR)
1956 Melbourne
details 		File:US flag 48 stars.svg Bobby Morrow (USA) File:US flag 48 stars.svg Thane Baker (USA) File:Flag of Australia.svg Hector Hogan (AUS)
1960 Rome
details 		File:Flag of the German Olympic Team (1960-1968).svg Armin Hary (EUA) File:US flag 49 stars.svg Dave Sime (USA) File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Peter Radford (GBR)
1964 Tokyo
details 		File:Flag of the United States.svg Bob Hayes (USA) File:Flag of Cuba.svg Enrique Figuerola (CUB) File:Canadian Red Ensign (1957-1965).svg Harry Jerome (CAN)
1968 Mexico City
details 		File:Flag of the United States.svg Jim Hines (USA) File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Lennox Miller (JAM) File:Flag of the United States.svg Charles Greene (USA)
1972 Munich
details 		File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Valeriy Borzov (URS) File:Flag of the United States.svg Robert Taylor (USA) File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Lennox Miller (JAM)
1976 Montreal
details 		File:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg Hasely Crawford (TRI) File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Don Quarrie (JAM) File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Valeriy Borzov (URS)
1980 Moscow
details 		File:Olympic flag.svg Allan Wells (GBR) File:Flag of Cuba.svg Silvio Leonard (CUB) File:Flag of Bulgaria (1971-1990).svg Petar Petrov (BUL)
1984 Los Angeles
details 		File:Flag of the United States.svg Carl Lewis (USA) File:Flag of the United States.svg Sam Graddy (USA) File:Flag of Canada.svg Ben Johnson (CAN)
1988 Seoul[106][107]
details 		File:Flag of the United States.svg Carl Lewis (USA) File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Linford Christie (GBR) File:Flag of the United States.svg Calvin Smith (USA)
1992 Barcelona
details 		File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Linford Christie (GBR) File:Flag of Namibia.svg Frankie Fredericks (NAM) File:Flag of the United States.svg Dennis Mitchell (USA)
1996 Atlanta
details 		File:Flag of Canada.svg Donovan Bailey (CAN) File:Flag of Namibia.svg Frankie Fredericks (NAM) File:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg Ato Boldon (TRI)
2000 Sydney
details 		File:Flag of the United States.svg Maurice Greene (USA) File:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg Ato Boldon (TRI) File:Flag of Barbados.svg Obadele Thompson (BAR)
2004 Athens
details 		File:Flag of the United States.svg Justin Gatlin (USA) File:Flag of Portugal.svg Francis Obikwelu (POR) File:Flag of the United States.svg Maurice Greene (USA)
2008 Beijing
details 		File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Usain Bolt (JAM) File:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg Richard Thompson (TRI) File:Flag of the United States.svg Walter Dix (USA)
2012 London
details 		File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Usain Bolt (JAM) File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Yohan Blake (JAM) File:Flag of the United States.svg Justin Gatlin (USA)
2016 Rio de Janeiro
details 		File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Usain Bolt (JAM) File:Flag of the United States.svg Justin Gatlin (USA) File:Flag of Canada.svg Andre De Grasse (CAN)

Women[]

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1928 Amsterdam
details 		Betty Robinson
File:US flag 48 stars.svg United States 		Fanny Rosenfeld
File:Canadian Red Ensign (1921-1957).svg Canada 		Ethel Smith
File:Canadian Red Ensign (1921-1957).svg Canada
1932 Los Angeles
details 		Stanisława Walasiewicz
File:Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg Poland 		Hilda Strike
File:Canadian Red Ensign (1921-1957).svg Canada 		Wilhelmina von Bremen
File:US flag 48 stars.svg United States
1936 Berlin
details 		Helen Stephens
File:US flag 48 stars.svg United States 		Stanisława Walasiewicz
File:Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg Poland 		Käthe Krauß
File:Flag of the German Reich (1935–1945).svg Germany
1948 London
details 		Fanny Blankers-Koen
File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands 		Dorothy Manley
File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Great Britain 		Shirley Strickland
File:Flag of Australia.svg Australia
1952 Helsinki
details 		Marjorie Jackson
File:Flag of Australia.svg Australia 		Daphne Hasenjager
File:Flag of South Africa (1928-1994).svg South Africa 		Shirley Strickland de la Hunty
File:Flag of Australia.svg Australia
1956 Melbourne
details 		Betty Cuthbert
File:Flag of Australia.svg Australia 		Christa Stubnick
File:Flag of Germany.svg United Team of Germany 		Marlene Matthews
File:Flag of Australia.svg Australia
1960 Rome
details 		Wilma Rudolph
File:US flag 49 stars.svg United States 		Dorothy Hyman
File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Great Britain 		Giuseppina Leone
File:Flag of Italy.svg Italy
1964 Tokyo
details 		Wyomia Tyus
File:Flag of the United States.svg United States 		Edith McGuire
File:Flag of the United States.svg United States 		Ewa Kłobukowska
File:Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg Poland
1968 Mexico City
details 		Wyomia Tyus
File:Flag of the United States.svg United States 		Barbara Ferrell
File:Flag of the United States.svg United States 		Irena Szewińska
File:Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg Poland
1972 Munich
details 		Renate Stecher
File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany 		Raelene Boyle
File:Flag of Australia.svg Australia 		Silvia Chivás
File:Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba
1976 Montreal
details 		Annegret Richter
File:Flag of Germany.svg West Germany 		Renate Stecher
File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany 		Inge Helten
File:Flag of Germany.svg West Germany
1980 Moscow
details 		Lyudmila Kondratyeva
File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union 		Marlies Göhr
File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany 		Ingrid Auerswald
File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany
1984 Los Angeles
details 		Evelyn Ashford
File:Flag of the United States.svg United States 		Alice Brown
File:Flag of the United States.svg United States 		Merlene Ottey
File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica
1988 Seoul
details 		Florence Griffith-Joyner
File:Flag of the United States.svg United States 		Evelyn Ashford
File:Flag of the United States.svg United States 		Heike Drechsler
File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany
1992 Barcelona
details 		Gail Devers
File:Flag of the United States.svg United States 		Juliet Cuthbert
File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica 		Irina Privalova
File:Olympic flag.svg Unified Team
1996 Atlanta
details 		Gail Devers
File:Flag of the United States.svg United States 		Merlene Ottey
File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica 		Gwen Torrence
File:Flag of the United States.svg United States
2000 Sydney
details 		Vacant[108] Ekaterini Thanou
File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece 		Merlene Ottey
File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica
Tayna Lawrence
File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica
2004 Athens
details 		Yulia Nestsiarenka
File:Flag of Belarus (1995-2012).svg Belarus 		Lauryn Williams
File:Flag of the United States.svg United States 		Veronica Campbell
File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica
2008 Beijing
details 		Shelly-Ann Fraser
File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica 		Sherone Simpson
File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica 		none awarded
Kerron Stewart
File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica
2012 London
details 		Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce
File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica 		Carmelita Jeter
File:Flag of the United States.svg United States 		Veronica Campbell-Brown
File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica
2016 Rio de Janeiro
details 		Elaine Thompson
File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica 		Tori Bowie
File:Flag of the United States.svg United States 		Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce
File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica

World Championship medallists[]

Men[]

Championships Gold Silver Bronze
1983 Helsinki
details 		Flag of the United States Carl Lewis (USA) Flag of the United States Calvin Smith (USA) Flag of the United States Emmit King (USA)
1987 Rome
details 		Flag of the United States Carl Lewis (USA) Flag of Jamaica Raymond Stewart (JAM) Flag of the United Kingdom Linford Christie (GBR)
1991 Tokyo
details 		Flag of the United States Carl Lewis (USA) Flag of the United States Leroy Burrell (USA) Flag of the United States Dennis Mitchell (USA)
1993 Stuttgart
details 		Flag of the United Kingdom Linford Christie (GBR) Flag of the United States Andre Cason (USA) Flag of the United States Dennis Mitchell (USA)
1995 Gothenburg
details 		Flag of Canada Donovan Bailey (CAN) Flag of Canada Bruny Surin (CAN) Flag of Trinidad and Tobago Ato Boldon (TRI)
1997 Athens
details 		Flag of the United States Maurice Greene (USA) Flag of Canada Donovan Bailey (CAN) Flag of the United States Tim Montgomery (USA)
1999 Seville
details 		Flag of the United States Maurice Greene (USA) Flag of Canada Bruny Surin (CAN) Flag of the United Kingdom Dwain Chambers (GBR)
2001 Edmonton
details 		Flag of the United States Maurice Greene (USA) Flag of the United States Bernard Williams (USA) Flag of Trinidad and Tobago Ato Boldon (TRI)
2003 Saint-Denis
details 		Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis Kim Collins (SKN) Flag of Trinidad and Tobago Darrel Brown (TRI) Flag of the United Kingdom Darren Campbell (GBR)
2005 Helsinki
details 		Flag of the United States Justin Gatlin (USA) Flag of Jamaica Michael Frater (JAM) Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis Kim Collins (SKN)
2007 Osaka
details 		Flag of the United States Tyson Gay (USA) Flag of the Bahamas Derrick Atkins (BAH) Flag of Jamaica Asafa Powell (JAM)
2009 Berlin
details 		Flag of Jamaica Usain Bolt (JAM) Flag of the United States Tyson Gay (USA) Flag of Jamaica Asafa Powell (JAM)
2011 Daegu
details 		Flag of Jamaica Yohan Blake (JAM) Flag of the United States Walter Dix (USA) Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis Kim Collins (SKN)
2013 Moscow
details 		Flag of Jamaica Usain Bolt (JAM) Flag of the United States Justin Gatlin (USA) Flag of Jamaica Nesta Carter (JAM)
2015 Beijing
details 		Flag of Jamaica Usain Bolt (JAM) Flag of the United States Justin Gatlin (USA) Flag of the United States Trayvon Bromell (USA)
Flag of Canada Andre De Grasse (CAN)
2017 London
details 		Flag of the United States Justin Gatlin (USA) Flag of the United States Christian Coleman (USA) Flag of Jamaica Usain Bolt (JAM)
2019 Doha
details 		Flag of the United States Christian Coleman (USA) Flag of the United States Justin Gatlin (USA) Flag of Canada Andre De Grasse (CAN)

Women[]

Championships Gold Silver Bronze
1983 Helsinki
details 		Flag of East Germany Marlies Oelsner-Göhr (GDR) Flag of East Germany Marita Koch (GDR) Flag of the United States Diane Williams (USA)
1987 Rome
details 		Flag of East Germany Silke Gladisch-Möller (GDR) Flag of East Germany Heike Daute-Drechsler (GDR) Flag of Jamaica Merlene Ottey (JAM)
1991 Tokyo
details 		Flag of Germany Katrin Krabbe (GER) Flag of the United States Gwen Torrence (USA) Flag of Jamaica Merlene Ottey (JAM)
1993 Stuttgart
details 		Flag of the United States Gail Devers (USA) Flag of Jamaica Merlene Ottey (JAM) Flag of the United States Gwen Torrence (USA)
1995 Gothenburg
details 		Flag of the United States Gwen Torrence (USA) Flag of Jamaica Merlene Ottey (JAM) Flag of Russia Irina Privalova (RUS)
1997 Athens
details 		Flag of the United States Marion Jones (USA) Flag of Ukraine Zhanna Pintusevich (UKR) Flag of the Bahamas Savatheda Fynes (BAH)
1999 Seville
details 		Flag of the United States Marion Jones (USA) Flag of the United States Inger Miller (USA) Flag of Greece Ekaterini Thanou (GRE)
2001 Edmonton
details 		Flag of Ukraine Zhanna Pintusevich-Block (UKR) Flag of Greece Ekaterini Thanou (GRE) Flag of the Bahamas Chandra Sturrup (BAH)
2003 Saint-Denis
details 		Flag of the United States Torri Edwards (USA) Flag of the Bahamas Chandra Sturrup (BAH) Flag of Greece Ekaterini Thanou (GRE)
2005 Helsinki
details 		Flag of the United States Lauryn Williams (USA) Flag of Jamaica Veronica Campbell (JAM) Flag of France Christine Arron (FRA)
2007 Osaka
details 		Flag of Jamaica Veronica Campbell-Brown (JAM) Flag of the United States Lauryn Williams (USA) Flag of the United States Carmelita Jeter (USA)
2009 Berlin
details 		Flag of Jamaica Shelly-Ann Fraser (JAM) Flag of Jamaica Kerron Stewart (JAM) Flag of the United States Carmelita Jeter (USA)
2011 Daegu
details 		Flag of the United States Carmelita Jeter (USA) Flag of Jamaica Veronica Campbell-Brown (JAM) Flag of Trinidad and Tobago Kelly-Ann Baptiste (TRI)
2013 Moscow
details 		Flag of Jamaica Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce (JAM) Flag of Côte d'Ivoire Murielle Ahouré (CIV) Flag of the United States Carmelita Jeter (USA)
2015 Beijing
details 		Flag of Jamaica Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce (JAM) Flag of the Netherlands Dafne Schippers (NED) Flag of the United States Tori Bowie (USA)
2017 London
details 		Flag of the United States Tori Bowie (USA) Flag of Côte d'Ivoire Marie-Josée Ta Lou (CIV) Flag of the Netherlands Dafne Schippers (NED)
2019 Doha
details 		Flag of Jamaica Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce (JAM) Flag of the United Kingdom Dina Asher-Smith (GBR) Flag of Côte d'Ivoire Marie-Josée Ta Lou (CIV)

See also[]

  • 100-yard dash
  • List of 100 metres national champions (men)
  • List of 100 metres national champions (women)
  • Men's 100 metres world record progression
  • Women's 100 metres world record progression

Notes[]

References[]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Linthorne, Nicholas P. (June 1995). "The 100-m World Record by Florence Griffith-Joyner at the 1988 U.S. Olympic Trials" (PDF). Brunel University. Retrieved 24 March 2012. {{cite web}}:
  2. ↑ "Women's outdoor 100m". All-time top lists. IAAF. 17 September 2011. Retrieved 24 March 2012. {{cite web}}:
  3. ↑ BTEC First Sport By Bob Harris, R. Mills, S. Parker-Bennet
  4. ↑ The Day – 23 January 1983
  5. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 29 July 2014. Retrieved 23 August 2012. {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  6. ↑ "IAAF keeps one false-start rule". BBC. 3 August 2005. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/athletics/4433815.stm. Retrieved 15 August 2008. 
  7. ↑ "Gatlin queries false start change". BBC News. 6 May 2005. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/athletics/4521963.stm. Retrieved 15 August 2008. 
  8. ↑ Christopher Clarey (28 August 2011). "Who Can Beat Bolt in the 100? Himself". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/29/sports/bolt-is-disqualified-in-100-at-worlds-blake-wins.html. Retrieved 28 August 2011. 
  9. ↑ "The disqualification of Usain Bolt". IAAF. 28 August 2011. http://daegu2011.iaaf.org//newslistdetail.aspx?id=61468. Retrieved 28 August 2011. 
  10. ↑ "Usain Bolt 100m 10 meter Splits and Speed Endurance". Speedendurance.com. 22 August 2008. Retrieved 7 August 2012. {{cite web}}:
  11. ↑ Sandre-Tom. "IAAF Competition Rules 2009, Rule 164" (PDF). IAAF. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 September 2009. Retrieved 23 August 2009. {{cite web}}:
  12. ↑ 100 metres IAAF
  13. ↑ Will Swanton and David Sygall, (2007-07-15). Holy Grails. Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved on 2009-06-18. Archived 2009-06-20.
  14. ↑ The above source fails to mention that Namibian Frankie Fredericks was the first runner of non-West African descent to break the barrier.
  15. ↑ Athlete Profiles – Patrick Johnson. Athletics Australia. Retrieved 2009-06-19. Archived 2009-06-20.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Jad, Adrian (July 2011). "Christophe Lemaitre 100m 9.92s +2.0 (Video) – Officially the Fastest White Man in History". adriansprints.com. Retrieved 2011-07-31. {{cite web}}:
  17. ↑ https://www.iaaf.org/athletes/turkey/ramil-guliyev-226874
  18. ↑ http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-06/23/c_137274534.htm
  19. ↑ Who Do You Think You Are – Colin Jackson. BBC Sport. Retrieved on 2009-06-18.
  20. ↑ Barling, Kurt (2000-09-04). Runaway success in the sports arena is never simply a question of race. The Independent. Retrieved on 2009-06-18.
  21. ↑ "Progression of 100 meters world record". ESPN. Associated Press. Retrieved 28 June 2011. {{cite web}}:
  22. ↑ "100 Metres Results" (PDF). IAAF. 16 August 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 August 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2011. {{cite web}}:
  23. ↑ 100 Metres All Time. IAAF (9 March 2009). Retrieved 6 May 2009. Archived 8 May 2009.
  24. ↑ Linthorne,N.(PHD)(1995)The 100m World Record by Florence Griffith Joyner at the 1988 U.S Olympic Trials. Report for the International Amateur Athletic Federation Department of Physics, University of Western Australia
  25. ↑ 100 metres records. IAAF (6 September 2011). Retrieved 9 June 2011. Archived 6 September 2011.
  26. ↑ 60 Metres Records. IAAF (4 April 2009). Retrieved 4 April 2009.
  27. ↑ "RECORDS & LISTS – ALL TIME TOP LISTS – SENIOR OUTDOOR 100 METRES MEN". IAAF. Retrieved 28 September 2019. {{cite web}}:
  28. ↑ "All-time men's best 100m". alltime-athletics.com. 25 August 2019. Retrieved 29 August 2019. {{cite web}}:
  29. ↑ Layden, Tim (31 August 2009). "Bolt Strikes Twice". si.com. Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 5 December 2018. {{cite web}}:
  30. ↑ "Tyson Gay equals Usain Bolt's old world record with second fastest 100m". theguardian.com. The Guardian. 20 September 2009. Retrieved 5 December 2018. {{cite web}}:
  31. ↑ Campigotto, Jesse (23 August 2012). "Yohan Blake becomes 3rd man to run 9.69". cbc.ca. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 5 December 2018. {{cite web}}:
  32. ↑ Ledsom, Mark (2 September 2008). "Powell equals second fastest 100 meters time". reuters.com. Reuters. Retrieved 5 December 2018. {{cite web}}:
  33. ↑ "Justin Gatlin runs fastest 100 meters in world this year". espn.com. ESPN Internet Ventures. 15 May 2015. Retrieved 5 December 2018. {{cite web}}:
  34. ↑ "100m Results" (PDF). IAAF. 28 September 2019. Retrieved 29 September 2019. {{cite web}}:
  35. ↑ "Nesta Carter ties for fastest 100 of year". seattletimes.com. The Seattle Times. 29 August 2010. Retrieved 9 December 2018. {{cite web}}:
  36. ↑ Litsky, Frank (17 June 1999). "Greene Breaks World Record in the 100 Meters". nytimes.com. The New York Times. Retrieved 5 December 2018. {{cite web}}:
  37. ↑ Cherry, Gene (4 June 2011). "Tyson Gay runs year's fastest 100 metres". theglobeandmail.com. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 14 December 2013. {{cite web}}:
  38. ↑ "Thompson breaks record". guardian.co.tt. Trinidad and Tobago Guardian. 22 June 2014. Retrieved 14 December 2018. {{cite web}}:
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 39.2 39.3 Roy Jordan (4 July 2016). "Six world leads on third day of US Olympic Trials". IAAF. http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/us-olympic-trials-2016-felix-gatlin-henderson. Retrieved 4 July 2016. 
  40. ↑ "Burrell Eclipses 100-Meter Mark". latimes.com. Los Angeles Times. 7 July 1994. Retrieved 5 December 2018. {{cite web}}:
  41. ↑ Janofsky, Michael (26 August 1991). "He Paces Back In a Blazing 9.86". nytimes.com. The New York Times. Retrieved 9 December 2018. {{cite web}}:
  42. ↑ "Diamond League: Asafa Powell runs 100m in 9.81 seconds". bbc.com. BBC. 5 July 2015. Retrieved 5 December 2018. {{cite web}}:
  43. ↑ Jason Henderson (18 May 2019). "Noah Lyles edges Christian Coleman in Shanghai sprint showdown". Athletics Weekly. Retrieved 18 May 2019. {{cite web}}:
  44. ↑ Bret Bloomquist (7 June 2019). "Oduduru leads Texas Tech track to first-ever men's NCAA championship". El Paso Times. Retrieved 8 June 2019. {{cite web}}:
  45. ↑ Bob Ramsak; Alfons Juck (22 August 2018). "Baker clocks 9.87 world lead in Chorzow". IAAF. https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/baker-clocks-987-chorzow. Retrieved 23 August 2018. 
  46. ↑ Markham, Carl; Butler, Mark (17 May 2019). "Bolt runs 14.35 sec for 150m; covers 50m-150m in 8.70 sec!". iaaf.org. IAAF. Retrieved 5 December 2018. {{cite web}}:
  47. ↑ "100m World Record falls to Montgomery – 9.78!". iaaf.org. IAAF. 14 September 2002. Retrieved 9 December 2018. {{cite web}}:
  48. ↑ "CAS decision on Montgomery and Gaines". iaaf.org. IAAF. 13 December 2005. Retrieved 9 December 2018. {{cite web}}:
  49. ↑ Nikitaridis, Michalis (14 June 2005). "Powell keeps his World record promise". iaaf.org. IAAF. Retrieved 9 December 2018. {{cite web}}:
  50. ↑ "Chambers to lose medal and record". bbc.co.uk. BBC. 26 June 2006. Retrieved 11 December 2018. {{cite web}}:
  51. ↑ Myers, Sanjay (22 November 2011). "Banned for life! – Doping panel shows sprinter Mullings no mercy". jamaicaobserver.com. Jamaica Observer. Retrieved 10 December 2018. {{cite web}}:
  52. ↑ "Justin Gatlin Ran 9.45 With Crazy Wind-Aid on Japanese TV". flotrack.org. 29 February 2016. http://www.flotrack.org/article/39982-justin-gatlin-ran-9-45-with-crazy-wind-aid-on-japanese-tv#.WK8hln8pqtg. Retrieved 23 February 2017. 
  53. ↑ Zinser, Lynn (30 June 2008),"Shattering Limits on the Track, and in the Pool" The New York Times
  54. ↑ Ewing, Lori (The Canadian Press) (18 June 2017), [1] National Post
  55. ↑ "All-time women's best 100m". IAAF. Retrieved 21 June 2019. {{cite web}}:
  56. ↑ "All-time women's best 100m". alltime-athletics.com. 25 August 2019. Retrieved 29 August 2019. {{cite web}}:
  57. ↑ Sherdon Cowan (1 July 2016). "#NatlTrials: Elaine Thompson storms to 10.70s win in 100m". jamaicaobserver.com. http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/-NatlTrials--Elaine-Thompson-storms-to-10-70s-win-in-100m. Retrieved 3 July 2016. 
  58. ↑ Jenna West (8 June 2019). "LSU Freshman Breaks Women's 100m Collegiate Record in 10.75, Celebrates Early". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 8 June 2019. {{cite web}}:
  59. ↑ Cathal Dennehy (11 June 2016). "Ahoure powers to African 100m record of 10.78 in Florida". IAAF. http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/murielle-ahoure-100m-montverde-2016. Retrieved 11 June 2016. 
  60. ↑ "100m Results". IAAF. 24 August 2015. http://media.aws.iaaf.org/competitiondocuments/pdf/4875/AT-100-W-f----.RS6.pdf. Retrieved 24 August 2015. 
  61. ↑ "100m Results". NAAATT. 24 June 2017. Retrieved 25 June 2017. {{cite web}}:
  62. ↑ Pritchard, W. G. (July 2006). "Mathematical Models of Running". SIAM Review 35 (3): 359–379. doi:10.1137/1035088. 
  63. ↑ Linthorne, Nick (March 2003). "Wind Assistance". Brunel University. Archived from the original on 3 September 2009. Retrieved 25 August 2008. {{cite web}}:
  64. ↑ http://www.iaaf.org/statistics/toplists/inout=o/age=n/season=0/sex=W/all=y/legal=A/disc=100/detail.html
  65. ↑ "Records & Lists – All Time Top Lists – U20 Outdoor 100 Metres Men". iaaf.org. IAAF. Retrieved 9 June 2019. {{cite web}}:
  66. ↑ Jon Gugala (14 June 2014). "Freshman Sprinting Phenom Wins NCAAs, Sets World Junior Record". deadspin.com. Dead Spin. Retrieved 13 December 2018. {{cite web}}:
  67. ↑ Jon Mulkeen (29 April 2013). "Kiryu equals World junior 100m record in Hiroshima". iaaf.org. IAAF. Retrieved 29 April 2013. {{cite web}}:
  68. ↑ Jon Mulkeen (19 May 2019). "Norman, Wang and Lalova break meeting records in Osaka". IAAF. https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/golden-grand-prix-osaka-2019-norman-wang-lalo. Retrieved 26 May 2019. 
  69. ↑ "58th ANNUAL MT. SAC RELAYS Results – Friday Field" (PDF). mtsacrelays.com. Mt. San Antonio College. 15 April 2016. p. 10. Retrieved 22 February 2019. {{cite web}}:
  70. ↑ "Sprinter Sani Brown outlcasses field in 100-meter final for first national title". The Japan Times. 24 June 2017. http://www.japantimes.co.jp/sports/2017/06/24/more-sports/track-field/sprinter-sani-brown-outlcasses-field-100-meter-final-first-national-title/#.WU6bKelpzcs. Retrieved 24 June 2017. 
  71. ↑ "Results 100 Metres Men – Round 1" (PDF). iaaf.org. IAAF. 4 August 2017. p. 1. Retrieved 22 February 2019. {{cite web}}:
  72. ↑ Todd Grasley (19 May 2014). "Bromell Blazing! World Leading 9.77w (4.2) To Win Big 12 Championship". milesplit.com. FloSports, Inc. Retrieved 22 February 2019. {{cite web}}:
  73. ↑ "IAAF denies Kiryu share of junior world record". japantimes.co.jp. The Japan Times. 15 June 2013. Retrieved 22 February 2019. {{cite web}}:
  74. ↑ Donald McRae (15 February 2004). "Athletics: An interview with Mark Lewis-Francis". theguardian.com. The Guardian. Retrieved 22 February 2019. {{cite web}}:
  75. ↑ Bill Buchalter (26 May 1990). "Neal Puts Speedy Reputation On The Line At Showalter Field". orlandosentinel.com. Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved 22 February 2019. {{cite web}}:
  76. ↑ "Records & Lists – All Time Top Lists – U20 Outdoor 100 Metres Women". iaaf.org. IAAF. Retrieved 21 June 2019. {{cite web}}:
  77. ↑ Jenna West (8 June 2019). "LSU Freshman Breaks Women's 100m Collegiate Record in 10.75, Celebrates Early". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 8 June 2019. {{cite web}}:
  78. ↑ 78.0 78.1 Noel Francis (22 June 2019). "THOMPSON BEATS FRASER-PRYCE TO JAMAICAN 100M TITLE AS BOTH CLOCK 10.73". IAAF. Retrieved 22 June 2019. {{cite web}}:
  79. ↑ 79.0 79.1 Jon Mulkeen (20 June 2015). "Hill breaks world youth 100m best and American junior record with 10.98". IAAF. http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/candace-hill-world-youth-100m-high-school-rec. Retrieved 21 June 2015. 
  80. ↑ "100m Results" (PDF). results.toronto2015.org. 22 July 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 July 2015. Retrieved 26 July 2015. {{cite web}}:
  81. ↑ Jon Mulkeen (22 April 2018). "Terry breezes to 10.99 at Mt SAC Relays". IAAF. https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/mt-sac-relays-2018-twanisha-terry. Retrieved 25 April 2018. 
  82. ↑ Anthony Foster (8 June 2019). "Kiara Grant recaptures NJR with 11.04s". Trackalerts.com. Retrieved 8 June 2019. {{cite web}}:
  83. ↑ "100m Results". NAAATT. 24 June 2017. Retrieved 30 June 2017. {{cite web}}:
  84. ↑ "All Time Top Lists – U18 Outdoor 100 Metres Men". iaaf.org. IAAF. Retrieved 30 November 2018. {{cite web}}:
  85. ↑ "100m Results". deltatiming.com. 31 March 2017. Retrieved 31 March 2017. {{cite web}}:
  86. ↑ Phil Minshull (7 September 2015). "Leotlela clocks second fastest ever youth 100m with 10.20 in Samoa". IAAF. http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/leotlela-commonewealth-youth-100m. Retrieved 13 September 2015. 
  87. ↑ Noel Francis (25 March 2018). "Taylor and Davis delight at Jamaica’s Boys and Girls Champs". IAAF. https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/boys-girls-champs-jamaica-2018. Retrieved 27 March 2018. 
  88. ↑ Raymond Graham (6 March 2016). "Matherson sprints to National Youth record". jamaica-gleaner.com. http://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/sports/20160306/matherson-sprints-national-youth-record. Retrieved 3 June 2016. 
  89. ↑ "All Time Top Lists – U18 Outdoor 100 Metres Women". iaaf.org. IAAF. Retrieved 21 June 2019. {{cite web}}:
  90. ↑ "Florida's Whitney sets world junior 200 record". www.newsobserver.com. 7 July 2014. Archived from the original on 15 July 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140715093737/http://www.newsobserver.com/2014/07/07/3989045/floridas-whitney-sets-world-junior.html. Retrieved 8 July 2014. 
  91. ↑ "World Para Athletics World Records". IPC. Retrieved 6 October 2019. {{cite web}}:
  92. ↑ "100m Results" (PDF). sportresult.com. 13 June 2019. Retrieved 25 June 2019. {{cite web}}:
  93. ↑ "Men's T35 100m Round 1 Heat 2 Results" (PDF). Rio 2016 official website. 9 September 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2016. Retrieved 14 September 2016. {{cite web}}:
  94. ↑ "INDONESIA 2018 ASIAN PARA GAMES – Para Athletics – RESULTS" (PDF). Asian Para Games. p. 33. Retrieved 4 March 2019. {{cite web}}:
  95. ↑ "Men's 100m T37 Round 1 Heat 2 Results" (PDF). Rio 2016 official website. 10 September 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2016. Retrieved 14 September 2016. {{cite web}}:
  96. ↑ "Men's 100m T38 Results" (PDF). Rio 2016 official website. 13 September 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2016. {{cite web}}:
  97. ↑ "World Para Athletics World Records". IPC. Retrieved 30 November 2018. {{cite web}}:
  98. ↑ "Women's 100m T11 Semifinal 2 Results" (PDF). Rio 2016 official website. 9 September 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2016. Retrieved 14 September 2016. {{cite web}}:
  99. ↑ "Women's 100m T12 Results" (PDF). Rio 2016 official website. 9 September 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2016. Retrieved 14 September 2016. {{cite web}}:
  100. ↑ "Women's 100m T13 Results" (PDF). Rio 2016 official website. 11 September 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2016. Retrieved 15 September 2016. {{cite web}}:
  101. ↑ "Women's 100m T42 Results" (PDF). IPC. 30 October 2015. Retrieved 30 October 2015. {{cite web}}:
  102. ↑ "Women's 100m T43/44 Results" (PDF). IPC. 29 October 2015. Retrieved 29 October 2015. {{cite web}}:
  103. ↑ "Super seven in Nottwil". 25 May 2019. https://www.paralympic.org/news/super-seven-nottwil. Retrieved 4 June 2019. 
  104. ↑ "Women's T53 100m – Round 1 Heat 1 Results" (PDF). Rio 2016 official website. 8 September 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2016. Retrieved 9 September 2016. {{cite web}}:
  105. ↑ "Super seven in Nottwil". 25 May 2019. https://www.paralympic.org/news/super-seven-nottwil. Retrieved 4 June 2019. 
  106. ↑ Canadian Ben Johnson won the 1988 men's 100 metres final, but was stripped of the title after testing positive for steroids in a subsequent doping test.
  107. ↑ "1988: Johnson stripped of Olympic gold". BBC News. September 27, 1988. http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/27/newsid_2539000/2539525.stm. 
  108. ↑ On October 5, 2007 Marion Jones of the United States admitted to having taken performance-enhancing drugs prior to the 2000 Summer Olympics. On October 9 she relinquished her medals to the United States Olympic Committee, who returned them to the International Olympic Committee. The IOC have removed the medals from Jones and her relay teammates, leaving the positions vacant.

External links[]


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